Boiler scale damage

Boiler scale damage

Scale directly threatens the safety of the boiler installation and the service life of the boiler because the thermal conductivity of the scale is small. The thermal conductivity of scale is several hundred times smaller than the thermal conductivity of metal. Therefore, even if a scale which is not too thick is formed on the heat receiving surface, the heat resistance is lowered due to the large heat resistance, causing heat loss and wasting fuel. Practice has proved that the heating surface of the boiler has 1 mm of scale, which can increase the consumption of coal by about 1.5 to 2%. Due to the scale on the heated surface, the metal pipe wall will be partially overheated. When the wall temperature exceeds the limit temperature of its work, the pipe will be drummed, which will cause a boiler explosion accident and cause personal safety. Scale is a complex salt that contains halogen ions that corrode iron at high temperatures. Through the analysis of iron scale, it can be known that its iron content is about 20 to 30%. Scale erosion of the metal will make the inner wall of the boiler brittle and continue to corrode deep into the boiler. Due to the removal of scale, it is necessary to stop the furnace, consume manpower, material resources, and cause mechanical damage and chemical corrosion of the boiler.

Therefore, preventing scale and removing scale is a problem that must be solved in water treatment work. 1. Mechanical descaling method: When there is scale or water slag in the furnace, the hearth is discharged after the furnace is stopped, the boiler is cooled, rinsed with water or brushed with a spiral wire brush. If the scale is very hard, it can be cleaned with a high-pressure water jet wash, electric or hydraulically driven pig. This method is only suitable for cleaning steel pipes. It is not suitable for cleaning copper pipes because the pigs are easy to damage the copper pipes. 2, the conventional scale chemical descaling method: according to the material of the equipment, select RT-828 series of safe and strong descaling cleaning agent, the general control solution concentration of 5 to 20%, can also be determined according to the thickness of the scale. After cleaning, first discharge the waste liquid, then rinse with water, then fill the water, add RT-306 neutralizer with water capacity of about 3%, soak and boil for 0.5 to 1 hour, release the residual liquid, then rinse with water. Once or twice. 3, special scale chemical descaling method: for sulfate and silicate scale, sulfate and silicate mixed scale. RT-832 special scale pretreatment cleaning agent is selected. The concentration of the general control solution is 2 to 5%, which can also be determined according to the thickness of the scale. Cleaning can not boost the long-term cooking furnace, generally not less than 24-48 hours, immediately wash away the slag sludge after cleaning. For equipment with serious scale, this method can not completely dissolve the scale, but soften and mud the scale. It is necessary to turn on the boiler and then remove the sludge by conventional chemical cleaning method or mechanical method. Otherwise, the sludge will harden again and it is difficult to remove.

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