Reasonable use of chemical fertilizers can prevent diseases

Improper fertilization can cause crop metabolic disorders, resulting in the occurrence of pests and diseases.

Excessive nitrogen application can cause the crop to have dark green leaves. Most of the carbohydrates are used for the assimilation of nitrogen, the synthesis of cellulose and lignin is reduced, the plants are long and soft, and the lodging resistance is weak, and there are more in the body. Soluble nitrogen accumulation makes crops susceptible to disease.

Too much nitrogen fertilizer will reduce the phenol content in wheat leaves, and the disease resistance will be weakened, making it susceptible to rust. Too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied in cotton fields. The cotton plants are tall and the leaves are dark green, which can easily cause the spawning of the bollworms, resulting in serious damage. At the same time, the occurrence of cotton wilt and verticillium wilt is also aggravated. High water, fertilizer, and prosperous cotton fields lead to poor ventilation and light transmission, high humidity, and the occurrence of cotton boll disease and cotton leaf spot disease are serious. The study found that with the increase of nitrogen application rate, the total nitrogen content in the leaves also increased, which increased the nitrogen nutrition of the spider mite, and the formation of the red spider population living on the high nitrogen leaves developed rapidly. , spawning more, heavy damage.

Rational use of a large amount of elemental fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and appropriate application of boron, zinc, magnesium, calcium, sulfur, molybdenum, manganese, etc., can promote the physiological metabolism of crops, enhance the resistance of plants, and reduce the pest register. happened. For example, phosphorus can promote the development of crop roots, boron, manganese can reduce the occurrence of cotton yellow wilt, blight, increase production. The application of appropriate amount of potash fertilizer in potassium-deficient soil can generally reduce fungal and bacterial diseases, and it also has certain control effect on pests and pupae.

In the diseases of crops, it also includes a series of deficiency diseases. For example, when rice lacks potassium, brown spots often occur in the leaves; when the cotton is deficient in boron, the disease sees “bud but not flower”, and even the buds are small, easy to fall off, and there is no head in the seedling stage; when rape is deficient in boron, it shows “flower is not real”. Symptoms; Maize lack of zinc performance "white bud disease", rice zinc deficiency "dwarf disease" and so on.

Reasonable fertilization can directly hit the target, not only can prevent and cure a variety of physiological diseases (strain deficiency), but also reduce invasive diseases.

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