Super rice experiment difficult to solve the seed industry difficulties can not be widely promoted

On September 19th, the super-hybrid rice test field of “Y Liangyou No. 2” supervised by Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice, had an average yield of 926.6 kg per mu, which refreshed China's large-area rice production record. The third goal of super rice breeding in China established by the Ministry of Agriculture is that the output of two hundred acres of demonstration plots in the same ecological zone for two consecutive years reaches 900 kilograms per mu.

Previously, the scientific research team led by Yuan Longping successively overcame two major world challenges of super-hybrid rice yielding 700 kg and 800 kg per mu in 2000 and 2004.

The good news of the 900-kilogram-per-mu yield rejoiced the people of China, indicating that China's grain production has reached a new level. However, according to a survey by the “China Enterprise News” reporter, the actual market conditions are not optimistic. It is very difficult for large-scale rice to achieve large-scale promotion. China’s seed companies face a small scale, low level of research and development, overall strength is weak, and many other practical problems constrict the industry. development of.

On September 25, the "Administrative Measures on Crop Seed Production and Management Permit" was formally implemented. The industry believes that the "Measures" will open the curtain of compulsory reshuffling of the seed industry. China's leading enterprises with international competitiveness will soon burst out.

Unpromoted performance of seed industry listed companies

Longping High Tech is a benchmarking company for super rice in China. It is understood that the company was initiated and set up by the Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, and Yuan Longping. It is an agricultural high-tech company limited by scientific research units. The company was established in June 1999 and completed the equity split in 2006. After the reform, it became a fully-market-oriented listed company.

On September 22, a person in charge of the Qin Xing of the Longping Hi-Tech Securities Department told a reporter from the China Enterprise News that the ownership of the super hybrid rice belonged to the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center and had nothing to do with the listed company Longping Hi-Tech. It will not promote the performance of Longping Gaoke.

“As far as the commercialization of long-term super rice is concerned, there is still a negotiation process between Longping Hi-Tech and the Rice Research Center, such as technical authorization, cooperative development, etc. Therefore, the final operation is still uncertain. This year, the production of Longping Hi-Tech has been completed. It was planted a few months ago and it is about to harvest seeds.” The person in charge of the Qin family said.

According to industry insiders, if Longping High-Tech wants to achieve this high-tech achievement, it must also follow the same practice with other companies.

The above points of view are confirmed by an analyst from Guotai Junan. The analyst believes that because the test results do not belong to Longping High-Tech, and the current large-scale promotion is very difficult, it is difficult to get in touch with the performance of Longping Gaoke.

On September 12 this year, the United States Department of Agriculture released a report on world crop yields showing that in the 2011/12 marketing year, China's average rice output was 6.64 tons per hectare, equivalent to 442.7 kilograms per acre, and the super rice yield was more than double that.

“Although China has the world’s leading data for the highest single grain yield in the world, actually the US’s rice production is imported from China, and then it comes on top. The average yield per year surpassed that of China. The United States averaged 539 kg/mu in 2008 and reached an average of 529 in 2009. Kilograms/acre, while China currently averages less than 450 kilograms/acre,” said Ma Wenfeng, an East Iger agricultural consulting analyst, in an interview with a reporter from China Enterprise News.

As for the issue of whether the third phase of super rice will cause impact on other seed companies, Ma Wenfeng stated that “the impact will not be too great, instead it will play a leading role.” According to its analysis, advanced technologies will play a catalytic role in the industry. There are many seed companies in China, and there are also many listed companies. They face both the domestic market and the international market, so they will not be affected much.

Large planting is difficult

According to a survey conducted by the China Enterprise News, the public and most netizens expressed the hope that super rice could be widely promoted for this successful super rice with a yield of 900 kilograms per mu.

Ma Wenfeng also told reporters that the super rice test has high yield and good quality. If it can be well promoted, it will play a significant role in China's grain harvest and security.

However, the reporter was informed that in terms of the actual environment, it is still quite difficult to get into practical promotion and large-scale planting.

The program leader of the Acceptance Expert Group of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Director of the China Rice Institute affirmed that the super rice experiment was successful, but at the same time, it also carried out a scientific analysis: Super rice is planted at an elevation of more than 300 meters and the growth period reaches 150 days or even longer. The large temperature difference is favorable for rice nutrient enrichment...climate conditions, ecological conditions, and aspects of management all have advantages, which have achieved a new record for super rice.

China's "Seeds Law" stipulates that after a variety of tests, it will also require national examination and approval to determine a suitable planting area.

Zou Jintai, director of the Institute of Rural Economics, Hubei Academy of Social Sciences, believes that from the long-term trend, the breakthrough of 900 kg of super hybrid rice yield is a great advantage, which is very significant for safeguarding food security in China. However, Zou Jintai also said that this is only the output from the experimental field, does not mean that this level may be reached in a large scale of production.

"The promotion of hybrid rice is not difficult, but large-scale planting is a long process." According to Ma Wenfeng, the third phase of hybrid rice to achieve a large area of ​​planting, it takes at least 8 to 10 years to complete. "In all the indicators, although the seeds are the first one, they also need to be planted with supporting factors such as technology, soil, irrigation, and management."

The reporter also learned that the cost of seed production for super rice is high. At present, many super rice still belong to the category of “high water and high fertilizer,” and the actual cultivation requires large amounts of water and fertilizer. From the economic point of view, there is no obvious economic advantage at this stage.

Ma Wenfeng explained to reporters that in 2000 China’s rice was an average of 418 kilograms per mu, which was still the same as in 2004. After four years, the situation still stands still or even decreases. This is related to factors such as low enthusiasm of farmers and counterfeiting of seeds.

Forced seed industry to become stronger

In the interview with a reporter from the China Enterprise News, China National Investment Advisor Song Jiening introduced that at present there are more than 8,700 seed enterprises in China, mainly in administrative regions, with scattered distribution, low levels of duplication, and serious regional blockades. Market concentration is low.

"Because 99% of China's seed companies do not have the ability to develop varieties, China's top ten seed companies only account for 13% of the domestic seed market, while the top 20 US seed companies monopolize 70% of the market, indicating that our seed companies must Emphasis on the research and development of new products, and the need to transform seed production from extensive to intensive production, and strengthen the management of seed production, sowing, harvesting, harvesting and other key links.” Song Jie Ning said.

Ma Wenfeng told the "China Enterprise News" reporter in detail the current status of China's seed companies: First, the company's small scale; Second, the level of research and development is not high, compared with developed countries have a considerable gap; Third, the overall strength is not strong. According to incomplete statistics, of the more than 8,700 seed companies in China, there are only 200 registered capitals of more than 30 million yuan, and there are only 100 companies that have "integration of breeding, breeding, and pushing." There are more than 100,000 seed retailers, small and fragmented.

In addition, due to the relatively late start-up and weak foundation of Chinese seed industry, multinational seed companies rely on their strong R&D strength, strong financial advantages, and rich market operating experience to look at China's seed companies and pose great pressure.

Relevant data show that 2011 is the year of the reform of China's seed industry. Since the beginning of this year, China has successively introduced a variety of support policies for seed industry, and many policies have been tilted toward the formation of large-scale grouped seed enterprises.

In April, the State Council issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Modern Crop Seed Industry", which for the first time clarified the status of seed industry as a basic and strategic core industry, and established the foundational public welfare research and establishment of crop seed industry in the future. Commercialized breeding system, and promoted 9 key tasks such as merger and reorganization of seed companies. In May, the National Development Bank explicitly supported the establishment of a commercial breeding system. The top 50 domestic seed industry companies were listed on the support list.

In September, the Ministry of Agriculture promulgated the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Planting Industry in the Whole Country, emphasizing the construction of a modern species that is industry-led, enterprise-centered, base-based, production-study-research-combination, and education-pushing integration. Industry system.

Industry insiders expect that seed industry will usher in a golden period of development after the industry continues to expand its background and a number of policies have been introduced to promote seed industry development. After 3-5 years of support and development, the market share of the seed industry in China is expected to reach 100 billion yuan.

With the encouragement of a commercial breeding system, more varieties of high quality and strength will come out one after another.

A security person told the “China Enterprise News” reporter that the super rice broke through 900 kg/mu. Although it is not related to Longping Hi-Tech, the securities market still fluctuates greatly, indicating that the strong varieties have a huge pulling effect on the company's stock performance.

According to statistics, Longping Hi-Tech Co., Ltd. is the largest hybrid rice seed enterprise in China and holds more than 30% of the market for hybrid rice seeds in China. Longping Hi-Tech reported in its 2011 mid-year report that revenue from January to June was 753 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 26.64%, and a net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies was 5,265,150 yuan, an increase of 154.92% year-on-year. The rice seed business realized a sales income of 399 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 65.85%. The rice seed business realized a profit of 168 million yuan in its main business, an increase of 94.01% year-on-year.

“In 2009, the top 10 global seed companies accounted for 35% of the global seed market share, while the top 10 domestic seed industry accounted for only 0.8% of the global market share.” Ma Wenfeng told the “China Enterprise News” reporter, “To be with foreign countries In order to counterbalance the seed companies, it is necessary to improve the research level and capabilities and meet the standards of multinational companies."