Symptoms and control of sesame stem blight

Sesame stem blight, commonly known as "black root disease" and "black stalk disease", is the most important disease in sesame production. It is generally affected by 10% to 15%, and 60% to 80% of the disease is severe. It mainly occurs in the period of flowering and podging of sesame. , start from the root or stem, to the upper stem development. When the roots become susceptible, they turn brown; after the stems become sick, they quickly develop melasma around the stems. There is no clear boundary at the edge, and the gray surface of the middle is shiny. There are many black granules on it. When the disease is severe, the leaves of the plant curl up and wilting from the bottom up, the tip of the plant is bent downward, the leaves and pods turn dark brown, and the plant shape is short. The cortex and phloem of the victim's rhizome are corroded, leaving only the fibers. The stems are hollow and easily broken. The pathogen of sesame stem blight is mainly transmitted through the wintering of sclerotia on the seeds and soil in the diseased body. High temperatures and rain, low-lying terrain, and long-term soil moisture are the prevailing environmental conditions.

Chemical control: (1) Seed treatment: Most of the sesame diseases are seed-borne bacteria. Seed treatment can effectively kill germs on the surface of seeds. It has obvious effect on prevention and treatment of sesame diseases, especially seedling diseases. 40% carbendazim can be used for seed dressing. Seed amount 0.3%, 70% thiophanate-methyl seed content 0.1%, the test proved that the use of 12.5% ​​tepazozole, 2.5%, 2.5% pulveric seed dressing disease prevention effect is more obvious. (2) Control of the growth phase of the chemical: The outbreak and epidemics of sesame disease are fast. Therefore, the control of the chemical must be carried out before the disease has occurred or at the early stage of the disease. It is possible to use 90% of the frosted milk spirits and 50 to 30 grams of water per acre for 30 kilograms, or 25% metalaxyl was sprayed with 50 grams of water per acre and 30 kg of water.

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