Cultivation and management of fruit trees

Cultivation and management of fruit trees

In the third year after grafted planting, a small number of plant flowering results were achieved, and the fourth year basically resulted in flowering results, while the actual planting tree needed only the fourth to fifth year results. The grafted seedlings were 1 to 2 years earlier than the seedlings. In the fourth year, the height of the yellowish yellow skin can reach 2 meters, the base circumference is 13~15 centimeters, and the crown can reach 2 meters; the strain can produce up to 5 kilograms. With the growth of the tree age and the expansion of the crown width, the number of branches is increased and the yield is gradually increased. rise. There are also a few plants that have imbalances in their nutritional status, and the results are large and small. In order to obtain high and stable yields for successive years, it is necessary to strengthen soil fertilization.
(1) Soil fertilization. The results of the tree in the spring and summer weeds season, should be cultivated in the park to weed, soil loosening, to facilitate the root growth and absorption of nutrients. The tree trays are required to be free of weeds, to reduce the consumption of fertilizers due to weeds, to cover the tree trays, to maintain soil moisture, and to reduce the growth of weeds. As the result tree needs to supply a large number of nutrients for flowering results, such as lack of nutrients, the weak growth of the tree, the root group growth is slow, the new pumping root system is less, the absorption capacity is poor, affect flowering and development, also affect the fruit set, the fruit Smaller, poor quality will also affect the results of the following year. Therefore, the result tree should be supplemented with nutrients in a timely manner, and topped with fermented bran cake, water, fertilizer, human waste, and quick-acting fertilizer. In January-February, before pumping flower spikes, 0.15-0.25 kg urea was applied to the plants, shallow gorges were applied along the canopy dripping line, and soil was spread after spreading; the flower spikes were promoted to grow vigorously, and the flower organs were normally developed. In early April, 0.2 to 0.3 kg of compound fertilizer and 0.3 to 0.4 kg of potash were applied to reduce the number of falling flowers and increase pollination rate. By the end of May, 1 to 2 kg of fermented cake fertilizer will be applied to the water, and 0.2 kg of potash will be added to promote the development of young fruit and improve fruit quality. Before and after fruit harvesting, that is, at the end of June or early July, 0.3 to 0.5 kg of compound fertilizer and 0.2 kg of urea were applied to restore tree vigor and promote new shoots, laying the foundation for the results of the coming year. If nutrients are insufficient, the branches drawn after fruit picking are short and weak, affecting the development and development of autumn shoots. Autumn shoots are the result of the mother tree in the following year. The autumn shoots are stunted, and the buds that germinate in the coming year are thick and strong, so as to obtain high yields. In October-November, organic fertilizers are mainly used, including cow dung or sheep dung, sugar sludge from the sugar factory, etc., totaling 20-50 kg, 0.5 kg of compound fertilizer, 0.5 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and digging water along the canopy after mixing. Ditch, after the application of cover soil, for the coming spring to sprout the root system, to provide adequate nutrient absorption, so that spring shoots early germination, early pumping buds.
(2) Pruning of the result tree. The results of the tree pruning is mainly to regulate the relationship between vegetative growth and results. Pruning can increase fruit yield and quality and reduce pests and diseases. The result of the pruning of the tree is mainly light shearing, especially the young result tree. In this period, it is necessary to promote the continuous expansion of the tree crown, increase the fruiting branches, and produce fruit. The main purpose is to cut away the shadows of the inner shade, leggy branches, weak branches, dense branches, cross branches, fallen branches, and pests and branches to keep the crowns airy and transparent.

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