Introduction of Fine Pig Breeding in China
(a) black pot black pig. It is an earlier lean-type pig in China that was developed in Jiaozhou City, Shandong Province. Black-black pigs are black, long and have long heads and one more rib than the local pig. The sow litter has more than 10 litters, and the finishing pigs can reach about 90kg at 6 months of age. They are well-fed and have strong disease resistance, fresh meat, and about 53% of lean meat. (b) Jinhua pigs. Produced in Jinhua, Zhejiang, the meat is tender, delicious, and lean meat. Famous domestic and foreign "Jinhua ham" is made from this pig's hind legs. In addition to the body's head and neck tails are black hair, the rest are white, smaller body size, ear size, sagging, tame temperament, adult boar weight 140kg, adult sows 110kg, the main advantage is good meat, thin skin , early maturity and fat. (C) Shanghai White Pig. It is produced in Shanghai and Baoshan counties. The pigs were medium-sized, white-haired, weighed 258 kg for adult boars, 117 kg for adult sows, 90 kg for 6 months, and 55% for carcasses. (D) Nanchang White Pig. Nanchang, Jiangxi animal husbandry breeding field breeding. Accepted by experts, lean meat and other eight technical indicators have reached the national leading level. The pig is a cross between a foreign breeder boar and a local breeder sow, which was selected and bred through 6 generations. The pig is white hair with good body size and a lean meat percentage of 62.5%. It also has the characteristics of fast growth and average day of the breeding period. Weight gain 800g. (five) Rongchang pigs. The Sichuan Pig Research Institute and Sichuan Agricultural University introduced a suitable proportion of external blood on the basis of purebred breeding. Compared with the original Rongchang pig, the new bred broiler line had a weight of 90kg and a weight gain of 189.5 days, an increase of 23.1%; the daily weight gain was 598.8g, an increase of 54.3%; the meat/feed ratio was 1:3.39, and the feed remuneration was increased by 20.2%. Lean meat rate reached 55%, an increase of 21.8%. The strain specializes in the father's supporting binary crossbred pigs at a better nutritional level, the age of 9 okg weight is 159.4-164.3 days; the daily weight gain is 683-740g; the ratio of feed to meat is 3.09-3.19:1 The lean meat rate reached 59.5% to 63.5%; the indicators have exceeded the level of three yuan hybridization. (6) Xinjia line lean pigs. Institute of Animal Husbandry, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The Xinjia line pig breed not only has the characteristics of a large number of pigs in China and is highly adaptable, but also has the advantages of lean pigs. The Xinjia system can produce more than 14 litters of litters and the lean body weight of the carcass reaches 59.9%. The daily weight gain is 518g. The feed ratio is 3.19:1. Compared with the original Jiaxing black pig, the average daily gain increased by 10.45%. The feed conversion rate increased by 14.7%, and the carcass lean rate increased by 16.3%. (g) Lu Chuan pigs. Produced in Guangxi Luchuan, Hepu, Yulin and other places. The body of the pig is short and short-skinned, with short heads, dorsi-lumbar sag, large loins on the abdomen, short limbs, sparsely thin hair, black head, ears, back, buttocks, and tails. The other parts are white, early-matured, and easily-fertilized. Rapid development, resistance to rough feeding, high reproductive power, adult boar weight about 100kg, about 75kg sows, pigs weighing 10 months of about 85kg, slaughter rate of about 70%. (h) Leping pigs. Produced in Leping City, Jiangxi Province. The pig's head is large, wrinkles are deep, the ears are drooping, the mouth is short and slightly curled, the neck is thick and short, the shoulder width is wide, the back is flat, the abdomen is curved, the limbs are strong, the hoof shell is jade-colored, hard, and the skin is wrinkled. The forehead, tail tip, abdomen, and lower part of the Tetraena are white, and the rest are black. The main advantages are fast growth, high feed utilization, and more fine bone mass. (9) New Golden Pig. Produced in Xinjin County, Liaoning Province, it is a famous meat and fat type in China. It has a well-balanced body and a slightly erect ear. Deep chest, wide back, flat belly line, full hindquarters, strong hoof, thin coat, black body, mostly white nose, tail tip and lower extremities, adult male and female weight 230kg And about 175kg. Fast growth; early maturity and fattening, high feed utilization rate, and carcass lean percentage at about 51%. (10) Xinhuai pigs. Produced in Huaiyin, Jiangsu Province. Longer head, flat mouth, medium to large ears, sloping forward and backward, straight back, slightly larger abdomen but not pendulous, slightly oblique hips, black hair, body and end of a small amount of white spots, adult male, The sow's body weight is about 250kg and 185kg, respectively, adaptability, resistance to crude feeding. (11) Sanjiang White Pig. Produced in Hejiang, Heilongjiang Province, it is the first new breed of meat used in China. The head and neck are straight, the ears are hanging down, the back is wide and flat, the hips are full, the four are thick, the coat is white, and the hairs are slightly dense. The advantage is that the sexual maturity is earlier, the conception rate is high, and the lean body meat rate reaches 59%. (twelve) Hampshire pigs. Also known as the silver band pig, produced in the United States, introduced to China in 1972, the pig is black hair, only in the shoulder and neck junction with a leucorrhea around, the pig's mouth is long and straight, ears moderate and erect, body length, back line micro Bow-shaped, muscular body with hips. Hampshire pigs grow faster, reaching 85kg at 6 months and reaching 165kg a year. Sow reproductive performance is low, nests produce 8 to 9 piglets. Not as good as other lean pigs, but their carcass quality is excellent. The performance of the back waist is thin, the area of ​​the eye muscles is large, the lean meat rate is more than 50%, the daily average weight gain of the finishing pigs is 650-700g, and the feed conversion rate is 3kg. (xiii) Duroc pigs. Also known as the red pig, it was produced in the United States and was introduced to China in 1972. The Duroc pigs are red-brown in shades of shades ranging from golden yellow to brown-red in pure breeds. The two ears of the pig are of medium size, penetrating from the middle of the ear, and are called semi-lipped ears, with a small head, a short face, and a wide-breasted back arch; the hip muscles of the hindquarters are full-bodied and the hoofs are erect. Duroc pigs are fast-growing, early-maturing, weigh up to 90kg on 153 days of age, reach more than 160kg a year, and produce 8-10 heads of litter. Finishing pigs can reach 100kg in 6 months of age under good conditions. The average weight gain was more than 600g, the feed conversion rate was 3kg, and the lean meat percentage of slaughtered pigs was up to 57%. (14) Yorkshire pigs. Also known as the Great White Pig, it is native to the United Kingdom. The pig is white hair, long body, long head, slightly concave surface, large and thin ears, long body, back arch, wide hindquarters, abdomen is full and tight, long limbs, fast growth, 6 months old weight 90kg, A year of more than 16Okg, the adult male and female pigs were 350kg and 300kg respectively, the average litter size per litter was 10.5, the piglet's birth weight was 1.3kg, and the weaning was about 16KG in February; the finishing pigs' daily weight gain was about 650g, and the feed conversion rate was 3 ---3.5kg, the lean body fat rate is more than 55%. The binary cross-breed piglets have better fattening effect. (15) Landrace. Originally named Rantraces pig, produced in Denmark, was introduced to China in the early 1960s. The pig has white hair, long head, straight face, big ears, short neck and shoulders, long back, 16 pairs of ribs, well-developed hindquarters, plump thighs, hoof hard, thin skin, fast growth, June. It can reach 90kg in age, 170-190kg in one year, and 300-350kg in adult pigs. Landrace pigs have good reproductive performance. The average sows born per litter had 10-12 litters, with a birth weight of about 1.3 kg per head and 18 kg at 2 months of age. During the growth period, the daily weight gain was 550-700g, and the weight per kg was about 3.5kg. The carcass slaughter rate was about 60%.
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