Non-polluting ginger production technology operating procedures

Non-polluting ginger production technology operating procedures

1 Production technical measures 1.1 Variety selection The selection of disease-resistant, high-quality and high-yield products with strong resistance to stress and good commercial quality. Ginger seeds are required to be hypertrophic, plump, light-colored, fresh, non-drying, not rot, unfrozen, hard texture, and free of pests. 1.2 Seed Treatment Sun ginger ginger trap: Before sowing, choose the sunny day, will choose good ginger seeds on the sunny ground to dry in the evening into the house, sun ginger ginger trapped 2-3 days. Pregermination: The selected, sun-dried ginger seedlings were placed under the conditions of 22-25°C for germination. When the ginger shoots were grown to 0.5-1 cm, the seeds were sowed according to the size of the ginger buds. 1.3 Soil Fertilization The ratio of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), and potassium (K2O) absorption in the whole ginger growth period was 11:1:16. Fertilizer should be based on the law of ginger fertilizer, total soil nutrients and fertilizer effects, through soil testing, determine the appropriate amount of fertilizer and fertilization methods. In accordance with the principles of organic and inorganic, basal and top dressing. Implement balanced fertilization. Generally, the application amount of high-quality organic fertilizer is not less than 5,000 kg per 667 square meters (1 mu, the same below). The basic application of phosphate fertilizer, combined with ploughing and plowing the ground to fully mix, appropriate to add calcium, iron and other trace elements. 1.4 sowing time: According to the weather conditions and protection facilities, determine the appropriate sowing period. Ginger generally used spring sowing, 10 cm ground temperature stable above 15 °C to sow. Seeding method: There are two kinds of sowing methods: flat broadcast method and vertical broadcast method. When sowing, the seed is horizontally placed in the ditch so that the direction of the shoots is the same; when the sowing is in progress, the seed buds are sown upwards. Cover soil 4-5 cm thick after sowing. Sowing density: generally about 5,500 plants per 667 square meters, and 400-500 kg per 667 square meters. 1.5 Field management tillage weeding: After emergence, the ground temperature is still low combined with watering, cultivating 1-2 times, and remove weeds in time. In the period of vigorous growth, the plants are gradually ridged, the amount of weeds is reduced, and the rate of rhizome enlargement is accelerated, and the roots are increased. The number of cultivators should be reduced. The cultivator should be shallow and not too deep to avoid damaging the roots. Fertilizer and water management: After sowing, pouring enough water to ensure seedlings and seedlings are strong. During the seedling stage, the water supply should be kept evenly, and the plants should not be dry and damp, so as to avoid the poor growth of the plants. Into the growth period, the amount of water required to maintain the soil relative humidity of 75% -80%. The last water was poured 3 days before harvest. From mid-June to mid-September, combine watering, top dressing 2-3 times, applying 25 kg of urea for every 667 square meters, and applying 30-30 kg of compound fertilizer per 667 square meters. 1.6 Pest Control 1.6.1 The principle of pest control is prevention and comprehensive control. Priority should be given to agricultural control, physical control, and production control, and to the scientific and rational use of chemical prevention and control to achieve the goal of producing safe, high-quality, non-polluting ginger. The use of highly toxic, high residue, high bio-concentration, high-risk pesticides and their mixed pesticides prohibited by the State should not be used. 1.6.2 Agricultural Control 1.6.2.1 Use healthy, disease-free ginger seeds. 1.6.2.2 Reasonable layout, implementation of rotation and rotation, strengthening of weeding and weeding, cleaning of pastoral areas, and reducing the number of pests and diseases. 1.6.2.3 Seed disinfection. With 72% of streptomycin soluble powder soluble in 4000 times or neophytin 4000-5000 times soaking. 1.6.3 Chemicals control 1.6.3.1 For the prevention of anthrax, 80% of anthraquinone WP WP can be used to spray 800 times. 1.6.3.2 The virus disease can be controlled by spraying 600 times of 20% virus A wettable powder or 1000-1500 times spraying of 1.5% phytoedicin cream. 1.6.3.3 Prevention and control Jiangyan can be sprayed with 52.25% farmland emulsifiable concentrate, or 4.5% beta-cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate 1500-2000 times solution, or 1.8% awei insect clear 1500 times solution. 1.6.3.4 Control small tigers with sugar, vinegar, white wine, water and 90% of trichlorfon crystals and blend them in the ratio of 6:3:1:10:1. Spread them into the field to trap and kill adult worms; or add sauteed wheat bran or bean cake. 5 kilograms, together with 200 grams of 90% trichlorfon crystals, add water to wet and spread to trap larvae in the field. 2 Harvest ginger is not tolerant to cold, usually harvested before the arrival of frost in early and late October. Water 3-4 days before harvest. After the stem is cut off from the base of the stem (reserve 2-3 cm stem stem), without drying. 3 Marking, Packaging, Transporting and Storage of Products 3.1 The packaging shall be marked with a pollution-free agricultural product mark, product name, product standard number, manufacturer's name, place of production, specifications, net content and packaging date. 3.2 Packages (boxes, baskets) are required to have the same size and firmness. The packaging container should be kept dry, clean and free of contamination. Plastic boxes should meet the relevant standards. 3.3 should be packed according to the same variety and same specification. Each batch of product packaging specifications, units, and quality should be consistent. The net content of each package must not exceed 20 kg and the error should not exceed 2%. 3.4 The ginger should be trimmed on the spot after harvest and packaged and transported in time. When transporting, it should be lightly loaded, unloaded, and mechanically prevented. Transport tools should be clean and free from pollution. Pay attention to anti-freezing, sun protection, rain protection, and ventilation when transporting. 3.5 Storage should be stored under shade, ventilation, cleanliness and sanitation conditions according to the variety and specification, to prevent sun, rain, cold damage, pest and disease damage, mechanical damage and contamination of toxic substances. The storage of ginger in the well is used. The appropriate storage temperature is 11-13°C and the relative humidity is 90%. China Agricultural Network Editor

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