Yak breeding and management

The cultivation of yaks is one of the most important aspects of cattle breeding. As the physiological adjustment function of yak is not perfect, which determines the importance and particularity of feeding and management of newborn yak, therefore, several aspects should be grasped in the breeding management to ensure the health and normal growth and development of yak. When the calf's delivery cows are delivered, they should first check whether the fetal position is normal, and encounter dystocia and midwifery. When the fetal position is normal, try to make it free to produce, do not force to drag, so as not to damage the yak and cow's reproductive tract. After the yak is born, the mucus and mouth mucus should be removed immediately, and the calves should be breathed as quickly as possible, and the lungs should be lightly pressed to prevent mucus from entering the trachea and causing respiratory diseases. Next, the yak's umbilical cord is cut at a distance of 10 cm from the abdomen and soaked with 5% iodine for 1-2 minutes to disinfect and prevent the occurrence of umbilical corditis. The fetal fluid in other parts of the yak body is best for the cow to clean, because the fetal fluid contains a variety of hormones, can promote normal shedding of cows, is conducive to the rapid recovery of the uterus. The process of the fetal fluid of the cow yak can promote the blood circulation of the calf and enable the calf to stand up as soon as possible. As soon as possible, the colostrum is fed with nutrients and its protein contains a large amount of immunoglobulin, which plays a key role in enhancing the disease resistance of calves. Colostrum contains more magnesium salts, which has a laxative effect and helps steaks produce meconium. It is valuable that the immunoglobulin in colostrum must be absorbed in the form of an intact protein. Newborn yak can absorb intact protein molecules, and the rate of antibody absorption drops sharply within a few hours of birth. After 24 hours of birth, calves cannot absorb intact antibodies. Generally, calves can drink 6% of the colostrum in the first 1-2 hours postpartum, and about 40kg of calves are 2kg-2.5kg. The second feeding should be 6-9 hours after birth, and then be fed every day to ensure the milk temperature. The feeding temperature of colostrum is about 35Â°C. Cooling colostrum can be heated with hot water in the bath. Heat of the open flame can easily cause coagulation of colostrum and destroy its nutrient components. To properly feed yaks, first of all, it should be "four sets." 1 qualitative. The milk fed to the yaks must be healthy cow's milk, avoid feeding inferior or deteriorated milk, and do not feed cows suffering from mastitis. 2 quantitative. According to the weight of 8% -10% to determine the breast-feeding period of 2 months, the first 7 days 5kg, 8-20 days 6kg, 31-40 days 5kg, 41-50 days 4.5kg, 51-60 days 3.7kg, all Breastfeeding 300kg. 3 timing. To fix the feeding time, strictly control, not too early or too late. 4 fixed temperature. Refers to the temperature of feeding milk, generally summer grasp 34 Â°C -36 Â°C; winter 36 Â°C -38 Â°C. Feeding of Yaks and Training of Drinking Water The feeding of hay starts from 1 week after birth and the quality of hay is added to the hay rack of the yak bar, allowing them to chew freely and practice feeding. Early training calves feeding on hay can stimulate the development of the rumen of calves and prevent the feeding of dirt on the grass. Concentrate Feeding At this stage, the rumen and its microbial flora have not yet matured, and the degree of cellulose digestion in the rumen is also limited. Therefore, the feed concentrate is more effective than the long hay for the development of rumen function. Ten days after birth, calves can be trained to eat concentrates. At the beginning, the fine material can be applied to the yak's mouth, nose or put in the milk barrel 10-20 grams (1 two = 50 grams), allowing free food. It can be increased to 80-100 grams in a few days. Feeding 250-300 grams at 1 month of age, feeding about 500 grams at 2 months of age. The training of intensive feed intake is the key to early weaning, and yak feeding should be made â€œfour lookâ€. 1 Look at the trough. The burdock did not eat the feed in the purifier, and then he looked up and walked away, indicating that the amount of material was too large. For example, the bottom of the trough and the wall only left behind a map-like residue trace, indicating that the amount of feed is moderate. If the trough is cleaned like a mirror, it indicates that the feed is insufficient. 2 see the feces. The calf excrement is increasing day by day. The excrement is thicker and thicker than when it is pure milk, indicating that the amount of material is normal. If the calf pulls out the excrement like porridge, it means that the concentrate is excessive, if the excrement is as thin as drowning, and the buttock sticks, it indicates that Too much, or the material is too cold. Stop feeding twice and add powdered corn, bran, etc., and diarrhea can be stopped. 3 Look at the food phase. If the yak runs regularly for food every day, it means that the feed is normal. If the yak eats the net food, it will look to the breeder in front of the chute and refuses to leave, indicating that the feed is insufficient. When feeding, calves do not want to come to the trough, and the breeder calls and ignores them, stating that the last feed was too much, or there were other problems. 4 see the belly. When feeding, if the burdock's abdomen is very obvious and refuses to eat before the trough, it means that the burdock may be caught in a cold. If the burdock's abdomen depression is obvious, the food response is also strong, but just before the trough smells, and then walk away, indicating that the feed is changing the big discomfort, or the feed water temperature is too low. If the yak belly is swollen and does not eat, it means that the last time you ate too much, you can stop feeding once and you can get better. One week after the yak is born, it can be induced to drink water. Initially, a small amount of lotion can be added to the water to induce it to drink. Within 30 days, water is warmed at 36Â°C to 37Â°C. After 10 days, normal temperature water is given, but the water temperature is generally not lower than 15Â°C. Weaning techniques Yak generally has a breastfeeding period of two months and three times a day. Well-grown yak can be fed twice a day at 40 days, feeding 4kg to 4.5kg, 50 days to a daily feed, feeding 3kg to 3.5kg; smaller or weak yaks should continue to feed milk. Insufficient intake of calves by calves during weaning can cause weight loss in the first few days after weaning. No matter what month of weaning, this weight loss will happen. Therefore, we should not try to delay weaning in an attempt to achieve a better transitional period, but we should strive to urge calves to consume feed as soon as possible. The calf should remain in a separate cage 10 days after weaning until the calf does not have a milk requirement.

Posted on June 22, 2018