Fragrant walnut high buds square buds

When grafting, the buds to be taken are cube-shaped, 2.5-3.0 cm long, and 1.2-2.0 cm wide. The rootstock is also cut into a square bark of the same size, so the square buds are called. It has a large contact surface, high matching rate, strong compatibility, and easy to survive and germinate after grafting.

During budding, budding knives are used to cut, pick and open the mouth. The diameter of the rootstock used for walnut buds is 2 to 3 cm, and the length of square buds is about 1 cm. At present, the main problems existing in walnut buds are: bud grafting efficiency is low, and a skilled worker buds about 150 a day; the survival rate is low, about 30%.

a. Selection of grafting period

From mid-May to mid-September, except for rainy days, the best grafting time is from mid-May to mid-September sunny weather;

b. Rootstock cultivation

1-2 years old cast iron walnut seedlings were selected as rootstocks, and sandy soils with loose soil, rich in organic matter, and moderate fertility were selected in the nursery, and the soil was ploughed until the rootstocks were robust and tidy. Rootstocks require seedling height more than 30cm, thickness 0.5 ~ 2cm;

c. Scion collection and storage

Select the sturdy and full shoots of the year to generate twigs for scions, cut the leaves immediately after harvest, leave 1-2cm long petioles, store them in a cold store at 3 to 5°C, and store them in the shade in the room. The best collection time for scion is within 4 hours before pick up. Scion to use with the best with the mining, if the need for long-distance collection, need to transport at night, the lower 2cm placed in cold water, the time does not exceed 3 days. If the quantity is large, it can be collected in several times;

d. Grafting process

The grafting site of the rootstock is 15-20 cm away from the ground. To ensure good ventilation of the grafted part, excess leaves must be removed before grafting, and only 2 to 3 compound leaves should be reserved above 20 cm. Firstly, at a distance of 1.5 to 2 cm from the bud, the knife was cut horizontally across the knife, and then each knife was cut at a distance of 0.5 cm around the bud. The incisions were all required to be as deep as the xylem. The resectioned shoots were about 4 cm long and about 3 cm wide. In the grafting site of the rootstock, a slightly bigger, slightly longer than the bud's incision is cut in the same way. The depth of the incision is to cut off the phloem of the rootstock but not to damage the xylem. Buds cut from the scion should not have xylem. The cortex is uncovered from the longitudinal incision, and the removed budding buds are placed on the rootstock forming layer on the right side and embedded in the rootstock skin. The plastic film is tightly bound up and down, and the buds are exposed during the binding. When the binding is made, the water outlet should be slightly exposed. That is, the buds on the left side and the bottom of the bud are exposed, leaving a wound mouth. This is the first strapping;

After the first bundling is completed, a second lashing is performed. The upper edge of the relatively large transparent plastic film is tightly wound around the root of the rootstock above the anvil incision, and the lower edge of the relatively large transparent plastic film is wounded under the anvil incision. The root stockings under the mouth are tightly bound, and the central part of the relatively large transparent plastic film is convex outwards. That is, the relatively large transparent plastic film is used to cover the rootstock cutting segments and buds, and the rainwater cannot erode the incision and wound mouth, and can be greatly improved. The survival rate of budding, this increase is more pronounced in southern areas where there is more rain;

e. Management after grafting:

(1) First cutting an anvil: After leaving one or two weeks after grafting, leave 2-5 large leaves on the rootstock, cut off other leaves, and

Remove buds from the rootstock;

(2) Unclamping: After 10 days of grafting, the docking buds are loosened, and the live rootstocks are supplemented;

(3) The second anvil: 10 days after the release of the knot, check for no abnormalities in the buds, and cut out the rootstocks from the roots above the sprouts. If the interval is less than or longer than 10 days, the second cutting of the anvil will cause insufficient supply of sprouts;

(4) Top-dressing watering: Fertilizing and then watering once the buds are grafted and survived to a length of 10cm. Fertilizers that are shorter than 10cm will be “burned” and will be budded. Fertilizing longer than 10cm will affect sprouting and fruiting of the year.

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