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Gao Xia bean high yield three points
Summer cowpea is typically sown between June and July, with the harvesting period running from August to September. During this growing season, the crop is often challenged by adverse weather conditions such as high temperatures, droughts, and heavy rains. To ensure a successful harvest, it's essential to implement scientific management practices that enhance both yield and quality. Here are three key points to consider when cultivating summer cowpea.
First, vine training is crucial. When the cowpea plants reach about 30 cm in height, they should be supported using a "person" shaped frame made of bamboo poles, which are usually 2.5 meters long. A horizontal wire is then stretched across the top of the frame. The length of the wire depends on the size of the field, but it’s recommended to fix both ends of the wire to stakes or cement posts that are deeply embedded in the soil, spaced approximately 50 meters apart. Secure the bamboo poles and wires with ropes for stability. As the cowpea vines grow, they can be gently wrapped around the bamboo frames, allowing them to climb and develop naturally.
Second, effective water and fertilizer management plays a vital role in the growth of cowpea. During the seedling stage, watering should be carefully controlled to avoid overwatering or drought. Before transplanting, you can apply chlormequat chloride once to help strengthen the root system, promote sturdy stalks, and lay a solid foundation for higher yields. Once the plant enters the flowering stage, increased attention to irrigation and fertilization is necessary to support flower bud formation, pod development, and ultimately, higher productivity. In the early stages, farmyard manure is the primary fertilizer. Ditches should be dug first, then the manure spread evenly and covered with soil. In the middle stage, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizers are more effective. These can be applied through point placement or furrow application, at a rate of about 20 kg per mu. Biogas slurry can also be used, with top-dressing every 10 to 15 days. In the later stages, when the leaves' ability to absorb nutrients declines, foliar sprays like potassium dihydrogen phosphate can significantly boost yield.
Third, pest and disease control is critical during the summer growing season, as high temperatures and humidity create favorable conditions for various pests and diseases. One common issue is rust, which affects the leaves. This can be managed by spraying 25% to 30% of Daconil at a dilution of 1000 times. Virus diseases can cause leaf curling, stunting, and reduced yield. Increasing field humidity through irrigation and applying insecticides like 10% imidacloprid to control aphids can help. Spraying virus-resistant agents like Virus A or phytosanitary solutions can also be beneficial. Bean pods are another major threat, so removing damaged pods and flowers from the field helps reduce pest populations. Cypermethrin can be used for spraying, with applications every 10 days. Ensure even coverage. Red spider mites tend to appear in late August and September under hot and dry conditions, damaging leaves and reducing yield. Applying konjac or avermectin diluted 1000 to 1500 times is an effective solution. By focusing on these three aspects—vine training, water and fertilizer management, and pest control—you can significantly improve the success of your summer cowpea cultivation.
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