Litchi Grafting, Changing and Its Management Techniques

Litchi Grafting, Changing and Its Management Techniques

The old litchi species in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City are dominated by Huaizhi. This part of the tree has low yield, poor quality, difficulties in fruit harvest, and low economic value. Some of the orchards have suffered serious declines due to extensive and long-term management, and have lost their results for many years. Since 1999, Baiyun District has reformed the old-aged Huaizhi, and has adopted the method of high-return and high-replacement after low-cut and retraction.
One, low-cutback technical measures
Low cutback period
3~4 month is the best retreat period, because this season is full of rain, the climate is warm, temperature, humidity and light are suitable for the shoots of the sprouting and growth, retreat after the pruning of the year can be sent 4 to 5 times new shoots . However, for an orchard with good flowering in spring, in order to obtain the fruit of the year, it is generally preferred to retract it from July to August after harvesting fruit. Apply a decomposed organic fertilizer or quick-acting fertilizer 15 days before the low-return. According to many years of experience, it is not appropriate to retreat after September because only one tipping back is too late for a too late winter, and it is susceptible to freezing injury when it is cold or frosty. It can even lead to plant death. In addition, the orchards in the mountains or without irrigation conditions should not be cut in low temperatures in summer and autumn.
2. Low-cutback methods usually use chainsaws to lower the truncation and keep the cuts smooth. Saw mouth is sealed with mud mixed with thiophanate, and the sawn cut and trunk are covered with straw, in particular, to prevent the upward side of the trunk from being exposed to sun exposure and chapped, and when the dry weather is to be moisturized and drenched, it is necessary to not only pour it. On the ground, we must also wet the straw that holds the trunk. In this way, it can not only maintain the root's moisture supply, but also can increase the humidity and reduce the temperature and prevent burning.
3. After the shoots are retracted after the low-cut, the new shoots will begin to germinate after 30 to 40 days. The shoots will have a large amount of germination, which can be as many as a hundred. It is very important to protect the first new shoot. If this shoot is killed by insects or drought, the whole tree will die. Therefore, we must pay attention to pest control, in the bud 2 to 3 cm when spraying a drug, 10 days after the spray once, even spray 2 or 3 times. Although the shoots of the new shoots are large, they should not be thinned because the shoots are large and the leaves are more conducive to raising the roots. At the same time, the new shoots cover the shade and protect the trunk to prevent the bark from bursting. Each new shoot growth period should be strengthened with fertilizer and water management and pest and disease prevention and control, and “one tip and one fertilizer” and “one tip and two drugs” should be implemented.
Second, Grafting, Planting and Promoting Early Harvest and High Yield
1. Grafting and grafting are generally carried out after the second year of sawing, from February to March. Each tree is selected for grafting of 15 to 20 branches. Grafting branches should be grown in a good position and suitable for the position. Ensure that no less than 8 to 13 grafted shoots survive. If there are few grafted shoots, they can be picked up from April to May. Strengthen pest control to ensure grafted shoot growth. The first year after grafting was 4 shoots, and the second year was 4 to 5 shoots. During the grafting process, the stumps of the stumps are retained as much as possible. On the one hand, they function as vegetative shoots. On the other hand, they can cover the tree heads and prevent sun exposure. In order to ensure that the grafted branches have enough space for growth, the other branches near the grafted branches are broken and pressed down. After the grafted shoots grow, they gradually loosen other non-grafted shoots.
2. Selection of grafted varieties The selection of grafted varieties should consider the compatibility and economic traits of the varieties. We chose high quality lychee varieties such as wolfberry laughter, sugar candy, cinnamon, and glutinous rice bran to change the connection. The wolfberry laugh grows fast and has a strong tree vigor. The white sugar poppy grows slowly, but it is easy to flower. The two varieties of cinnamon and glutinous rice are local varieties. The growth rate and tree vigor are between the two. No incompatibility has been found so far.
3. To cultivate the ideal crown, consciously cultivate the main branch after grafting, trim the dense non-main branches; to the third or fourth year, there are 2 or 3 main branch plants when retracting, and only 2 for each main branch. ~3 second-level main branches serve as secondary branches. After several years, the main branch of each plant forming a new canopy should retain 3-5.
4. To promote early fruiting and grafting After the second to third year of grafting, fruiting should be started. To promote flowering results, appropriate measures must be taken to control the winter shoots and promote flower bud differentiation. The varieties such as wolfberry laughter, cinnamon and glutinous rice glutinous rice flourish more vigorously, and measures such as circumcision and girdling can be appropriately adopted, and chemical agents can be used to control flower growth. White sugar is a weak growth and it is not suitable for girdling. Due to the large amount of plant roots, the effect of root cutting on control shoots is not great.
Third, fertilization and water management of high-replacement plant fertilization amount than the old litchi amount is relatively small, should be combined with autumn shoots and promote flowering and strong fruit reasonable fertilization, reduce the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer application, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Zhongluotan Town? Ang? Huhui Tou? (10) 迥晔鞯氖┓ 榭鍪 榭鍪 菏 菏 展 展 笫┐偕 笫┐偕 曳 曳 曳 曳 晔 晔 晔 晔 晔 晔 晔 晔 晔 晔. For the weaker trees, 1 kg of compound fertilizer was applied to each plant 7 to 10 days before fruit picking; 1 to 1.5 kg of potassium chloride was applied to each tree before the last autumn shoot was sprouted. Fertilizer can not be applied early before flowering, and flower and fruit period will depend on the specific condition of tree vigor to determine the amount of fruit fertilizer to promote flower growth. For trees with green leaf color and vigorous tree vigor, fertilization is not applied; trees with slightly less vigor are seen in flower buds. After applying 0.5 to 1 kg of compound fertilizer per plant. After spraying the roots with fertilizers, after the first physiological fruit drop, spray 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or other foliar fertilizer, spray once every 7-10 days, and spray 3 times. In case of dry weather in early spring, showering should be promoted during flowering.
Fourth, economic benefits Zhongluotan Town? Ang? 宓谖寰 缋 缋 缋 缋 缋 缋 藿踊 藿踊 藿踊 藿踊 啊 啊 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 浠 浠 浠 浠 浠 浠 持 浠 持 持 浠 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 In 1999, the output was 2,800 kg, 75 kg, and 2,225 kg respectively, and the total output value for the three years was 10,200 yuan. After the improvement, there were only sugar and dumplings in 2002, and in 2003, due to the poor control of winter shoots in the previous year, the results were not satisfactory. Only a small amount of sugar and fruit were produced. In 2004, the three varieties were all better. In the past three years (2002-2004), the output was 750 kg, 125 kg, and 3,400 kg, respectively, and the total output value for the three years was 29,925 yuan, which was nearly three times the total output value of the first three years of improvement. With the expansion of the canopy, production will increase year by year.

Goji Berry is Chinese important "medicine food homology" functional genuine herbs. As the origin place and main producing areas of Chinese and world wide Goji berry, Ningxia Province has preponderant industry. Goji industry has been the important pillar in adjusting agriculture structure and transforming the economic growth pattern.

There are many problems in traditional Goji planting, such as non-standard planting, unstable quality, Goji low safety level, depending too much on chemical pesticide and fertilizer, polluting air and groundwater, delay ripening and integrating in corresponding cultivation techniques, low penetration of new technologies and extensive management. Our company began planting organic Goji berry from 2003, and has invested more than RMB 36 million. Using the mode of transferring land and subcontracting, we have established more than 75 hundred acres of organic Goji base in Zhongning, Haiyuan, Guyuan and Delingha, under the Good Agricultural Practices(GAP). High standard design, scientific management, standardize manufacture as organic standard from organic base choosing, plant breeding, planting, fertilizing, diseases and insect pests controlling, picking, to transportation, further processing, sale. We apply quality traceability system, mechanized farming, standardized management, proceeding operation, stoving and processing together.

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Goji Berry

 

 Wolfberry Company is the birthplace of Chinese organic Goji, is the only company planting organic Goji. Now we have more than 75 hundred acres of Goji planting Base, which are under organic planting standard, without using chemical pesticide and fertilizer. Their production mode is ecological, natural and safe. Products reach the North America, European Union and Japanese level including requirements in pesticide residue, chemical substances residue, residue of veterinary drug, which guarantee the quality from production source. Our base and plant have internationally/nationally recognized organic food certifications such as NOP, EU and JAS.

    Our technological innovation team led by Professor brings Goji industry further in line with international standards. With the combining mode of industry, academia and research, our company established Goji technological center of Ningxia. There are 19 technological experts, including 12 senior title staff, 2 Doctors and 4 Masters. This team gathers many fields professionals such as Goji further processing, food engineering, automatic control and food analysis and verification, and make great contribution in defining enterprises standard, industrialization demonstration, cultivation of Goji further processing enterprise, organic Goji manufacturing practices and reaching international standard.

 

 

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Goji Berry factory

Production Specification Sheet

Product Name

Goji Berry

Country of Origin

Ningxia in China

 

ANALYSIS

DESCRIPTION

TEST METHODS

Product Name

Conventional Goji Berry

Organic Goji Berry

Form

Spindle and slightly shrinks   

SN/T 0878

Color

Bright red or purplish red

SN/T 0878

Taste and Smell

Characteristic

SN/T 0878

Size

280granule/50gram
380granule/50gram
500 granule/50gram

160granule/50gram
220granule/50gram
Ungraded

SN/T 0878

Total bacterial count, cfu/ml

≤100000

GB4789.2

Salmonella

Absence

GB/T 4789.4

SO2

NMT 30

SN/T 0878

Moisture, %

NMT13

GB/T 5009.3

Pb, mg/kg

NMT 2.0

GB/T 5009.12

As, mg/kg

NMT 1.0

GB/T 5009.11

Cu, mg/kg

NMT 10.0

GB/T 5009.13

Pesticide Residue

Acetamiprid <0.2PPM;

Imidacloprid<0.2PPM;

Fenvalerate<0.1PPM;

Cypermethrin<0.1ppm

negligible with other pesticides

Negative

GB/T 19648-2006,

GB/T 200769-2008

 

Shelf life

12 months months if stored in a cool ventilated dry place

Package

4.54Kg/Bag, 4Bags/ Carton (10Pounds/bag,4bags/Carton);

5KG/Bag,4Bags/Carton

Storage

It should be stored under the dry and ventilated environment  in original bag, the temperature no more than 20 ℃

 

Goji Berry

Goji Berry,Goji Berry Plant,Goji Berry Juice,Organic Dried Goji Berries

Ningxia Wolfberry Goji Industry Co.,ltd , https://www.nx-wolfberry.com