Dental Chair Spare Parts, Dental Valve, Dental Equipment Repair Parts, Three Way Syringe,Dental Plastic Parts, Dental Foot Control Suzhou Escomedical Equipment Co.,Ltd , https://www.escodental.com With the continuous development of urban construction and urban landscaping, garden tree species are playing an increasingly important role in creating beautiful green landscapes and improving the urban ecological environment. In recent years, under the guidance of the strategic goal of building an eco-city, Qingdao has seen rapid development of urban construction and landscaping, and urban afforestation trees have become increasingly abundant. However, with regard to the current status of urban afforestation tree species in Qingdao, there are still some problems such as low ornamental quality, single color, and poor resistance, which to a certain extent have affected the further development of urban landscape afforestation. Therefore, it is imperative to choose to use colorful trees with high ornamental value and adaptability to enrich the green landscape of the city and improve the level of landscaping in the city.
Acer rubrum-red Maple, also known as safflower, eucalyptus eucalyptus. Native to North America, it is mainly distributed in Canada and the United States. It is also cultivated in Hawaii. The American Red Maple is one of the most popular tree species in the United States. It is a classic color street tree in Europe and America. Qingdao Seashore Scenery Management Department has introduced the American Red Maple from the United States to a small number of scenic spots. The author conducted investigations and studies on its growth habits and cultivation management measures to provide a theoretical basis for the introduction and cultivation of Red Maple in the United States.
1. Characteristics of American Red Maple
1.1 Morphological characteristics The American Red Maple is a tall, deciduous ornamental tree with a height of 12 to 18 meters and a height of up to 30 meters with a crown of more than 10 meters. The tree stands upright and the canopy is oval or round. Leaves opposite, leaves 3–5-lobed, palmate, new leaves appear slightly red on the front, then turn green until dark green, the back of the leaf is grayish green. From the end of March to April, the flowers are red, densely clustered, with a little yellowish color, and the flowers are first spent. Smooth stems, lenticels, usually green, often turning red in winter. The new bark is smooth and light grey. Old bark is rough, dark gray, with scales or wrinkles. The fruit is Samara, mostly reddish, turning brown when mature, 2.5-5 cm long.
1.2 Ecological habits can grow in a variety of soils and climatic conditions, from fertile forests to lakesides, to wetlands, swamps, from hilly woodlands, low-altitude forests, to dry, sandy plains. Hi part or full daylight. Wet, moist, fertile soil, suitable for growing in slightly acidic, moist, water-permeable soil. At the same time, it also has strong resistance, and it is strong in resistance to drought, drought, cold and sprouting. The American Red Maple has the widest range of patience for climatic conditions among all maple species, with a minimum temperature of -40°C. In addition, the United States Red Maple is also very resistant to air pollution, and it is resistant to both ozone and sulfur dioxide. The American Red Maple begins to grow in the early spring. In the one-year growing season, it is the first height and the longest crown. It is medium-fast and has an annual growth of 60-100 cm. It is the fastest-growing variety of all red maple varieties. Life is about 100 years.
1.3 Ornamental Characteristics and Uses The American Red Maple has a neat crown, a beautiful leaf shape, and shady foliage in summer. Autumn leaves turn yellow-green to yellow, and finally it becomes red. It is an excellent colorful tree species. It can be used as a solitary tree or tree-lined tree, and it is very elegant in grassland, embankments, lakes and buildings. The arrangement of other autumn-colored leaf trees or evergreen trees, and set off each other, can increase the beauty of autumn scenery. Strong resistance to harmful gases, especially strong absorption of chlorine, can be used as anti-pollution greening tree species. It is an ideal tree species for parks, streets, communities, yards, and factories. In addition, wood can make furniture and pulp.
2 Main Points for Planting American Red Maple
2.1 Maintenance and Management As the red maple of America has strong resistance to drought, drought and cold, it requires relatively loose cultivation and maintenance management. The management of water and fertilizer is also the same as other common landscaping tree species. Easy survival, other seasons should be planted with soil ball.
Adapt to soils with a pH of between 5.0 and 7.5. Alkaline soils (pH values ​​above 7.5) usually cause yellowing of the leaves, and the veins are markedly green. The first is that due to the lack of manganese, nitrogen deficiency results in the failure of normal synthesis of chlorophyll, ie yellowing is caused by high pH. In addition, high pH values ​​also lead to slower growth, especially for cultivars. Second, due to improper use of herbicides, such as glyphosate.
The tree species also has a certain resistance to diseases and insect pests, especially to the root rot, stem rot and other diseases show a strong resistance.
2.2 Breeding methods The breeding of American red maple mainly uses seed propagation, grafting and cutting propagation. Seeds are generally mature in early summer and dormancy is shorter after seed maturation. After sowing, they are soaked in warm water (45°C) for 24-48 hours, and then sown at low temperature (1-5°C) for 20-30 days. The seedling rate can be increased. Up to 70%, if not directly sowing through stratification, it will take at least 60-75 days to germinate, and the emergence rate is relatively low. Grafting can be achieved by spring branching or branching in summer and autumn, but it is better to plant seedlings in terms of growth and tree shape. The selection of rootstocks is very important. Twig cuttings, cuttings, with 2000mg / l IBA treatment, the substrate is peat and perlite, maintain air humidity 80% -90%, after rooting for a period of time and then transplanted to a place with sufficient light. The survival rate of cuttings is relatively low and is rarely used.
In terms of the climate characteristics of Qingdao, it is more suitable to use seed breeding methods. Because the seedlings of the seedlings are more developed than the roots of the cutting seedlings and have strong wind resistance, they can better adapt to the frequent wind conditions after the rain in the island city.
3. Introduction of American Red Maple Although the American Red Maple plays an important role in the current urban landscape greening and colorization, it has not yet been fully promoted in China due to various reasons. Only Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Dalian, Taiyuan, etc. A small amount of introduced domestication. In Qingdao, some gardeners conducted the experimental stage of introduction and domestication of American Red Maple. However, there were some experience deficiencies in breeding and breeding. There was no detailed understanding of the ecological habits of plants and strict mastery of plant breeding details. As a result, large-scale production models have not yet been formed. Most of them are in the seedling stage and the number is relatively small. It is far from being able to invest a lot in landscape engineering.
4. The prospects for the development of the United States Red Maple The construction of urban landscaping in Qingdao is booming and the aesthetic perspective of the people is improving. The application of colorful leaf plants in urban greening is very extensive. In particular, the introduction of colorful tree species will bring about a major improvement in the green landscape of the city. However, the use of purely leafy tree species such as purple peony, ginkgo, purple peony, and gold privet is widely used in the country for greening. It has been far from meeting the needs of urban development. As a kind of tall tree, the colorful leaf species are still very small. It is imperative to enrich the variety of island tree species and diversify the urban landscape. Some experts predict that color leaf seedlings should account for more than 60% of the total amount of green seedlings, and the domestic landscape greening market will quickly shift from simple “greening†to “colorization, landscaping, aroma, and purification†[3]. The development of colorful leaf seedlings has broad prospects and is not only a bright spot in the current market, but also more vital than traditional varieties. The successful introduction and domestication of the new colorful leaf species, American Red Maple, will inevitably bring new vitality and vitality to the city's landscape and green landscape. The eye-catching colors of the American Red Maple often give people a sense of lighting, create passion, and create different environmental spaces to meet the needs of the people's leisure and recreational activities. Its superior adaptability to the environment is bound to become the new darling of the island's greening, and ultimately the city's greenery will present a colorful and beautiful scene.
In the process of introduction and domestication of American Red Maple, we should study the color change of the colorful plants from the perspective of ecology and cultivation, and provide basis for the introduction and breeding of American Red Maple; we should study the physiological and biochemical mechanism of American Red Maple from the perspective of physiological and biochemical; Corresponding to the United States Red Maple seedlings, daily management measures; to strengthen the application of Red Maple in urban gardens and green space planning.
A New Generation of Color Tree Species--American Red Maple Gardening Varieties
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