Apple Planting Technology

Seedling selection

In the mountainous orchards and drought and flood lands, the main anthracite and short-stemmed seedlings are the main species; in the plain areas and irrigation areas, the main stocks are dwarfing and the self-root stocks, and the appropriate stock types are M9 or M26. Reasonably select early, middle and late-maturing varieties and pollination varieties. Seedlings require a well-developed root system, full buds, a height of 80 cm or more, a rough (roots) at 0.8 cm or more, and a well-married joint. Do not use seedlings that have not been regionally approved, have unclear rootstock, are not applicable in the local area, or use common anvils.

Planting density

In mountainous areas and hilly orchards, the spacing of rows of plants was appropriately reduced; flat orchards and rows of plants were appropriately increased. The construction of garden with seedlings of Qiao stock should be 4 meters and 4 meters. The dwarfing interstock stock and seedlings of short saplings should be used to build the garden. The plant spacing should be chosen to be 2 meters and 4 meters.

Planting time and method

In winter, cold, early spring fruit trees with heavy heavier areas can be planted in autumn; in winter, cold, early spring, large and dry areas, the soil should be thawed to sprout before spring. Before planting, dig 60 to 80 cubic centimeters of pits, excavate the soil with 15 to 20 kilograms of fully decomposed organic fertilizer, 50 to 100 grams of nitrogen fertilizer and mix well, and the phosphorus-depleted soil is best mixed with 50 to 100 grams. Diammonium phosphate. Fill the soil with fertilizer into the pit 20 cm below the ground, then put the seedlings, extend the root system, gently step on the water, and immediately water it. After planting on the seedlings from the ground 60 to 80 cm full of buds short and dry, and then cover the tree with a plastic film, warming and protecting, and conditions can be sprayed plant transpiration inhibitors to improve the survival rate of planting. After fixing, pillars should be set up to bind the seedlings to the pillars (the bamboo poles with a diameter of 3 to 4 cm can be used) so that the seedlings can grow vertically and enhance the advantage of the stems.

Soil management

Deep-ripening the mature soil: In the first few years after the sapling was planted, the soil was deep-turned in combination with autumn fertilizing. Soil improvement: For orchards with thin soil layer and bare roots, autumn or winter should be carried out with tree trays or whole gardens, with thick soil layers; Sandy soil or clay orchards can be modified with clay or sandy soil. Orchard intercropping: In order to make full use of the land, during the initial period of the establishment of the park, the dwarf nitrogen-fixing crops such as peanuts and beans can be grown between the orchards, and the cultivation of high-stalk crops and vegetables is prohibited. Orchard sowing grass: Can be planted in the fruit tree line leguminosae or camphor wood green manure crops, often the kind of green manure crops are clover, scorpion hairpin and so on. Can also naturally grow grass, and fertilize the grass, irrigation, castration and other management. After a few years of growing grass, it should be deeply plowed to rejuvenate the grass.

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