Bizarre Primrose (Figure)

Primula is a primrose plant of Primulaaceae. There are about 500 species of genus Primula. It is widely distributed in China, has a large amount of seeds, and has a long history of cultivation. It is an important flower-seeking plant in the winter and spring seasons. It has a long flowering period, rich colors and beautiful colors. The current market cultivation and sales are mainly European Primula, Spring Season, and Spring Flower, with the predominant European spring.

Growth habits: European primroses prefer a cool, moist environment and a well-drained soil rich in humus, not tolerant to high temperatures and strong direct light, suitable temperature for growth from 13 to 18 °C, and sown to flowering time of 18 to 20 weeks.

Seeding and propagation: sowing seedlings by sowing or seeding box sowing, density appropriate, sowing uniform, after sowing should not be covered with soil, but need to keep moist, the substrate should be a special nursery soil or by turf carbon and vermiculite configuration, Place in a half shade and germinate about 10 to 15 days. The optimum temperature for germination is 15 to 21°C. When the temperature exceeds 25°C, the germination rate decreases significantly. A pH of about 5.5 is appropriate.

After the seeds germinate, the cotyledons of the seedlings are fully developed. Temperature control at this stage is the key. Through the temperature control, the yellow leaves caused by the drying can be prevented. The temperature can still be maintained at 18 to 20°C. When the cotyledons are fully expanded, the temperature should be reduced to 16 to 17°C to control the moisture so as to prevent seedlings from growing in length. To avoid direct sunlight, burn the seedlings.

Cultivation management: timely transfer seedlings, seedlings should not be too long in the seedling plate, so as not to delay flowering. 5 to 6 weeks after planting, the soil of the newly installed seedlings should be kept moist. Peat-based mixed matrix is ​​preferred.

Humidity: European Primula is sensitive to moisture, keeping the medium moist and not sticky.

Temperature: European Primroses are susceptible to high temperature hazards, and the temperature should be maintained at 15°C and not lower than 8°C after the pots are conditioned until they are maintained. Should be kept at 7 to 10°C afterwards. After budding, the temperature can be raised to 12 to 14°C.

Light: After germination, the temperature should be controlled at 20°C and light is maintained for 14 hours to promote plant growth. In winter and spring seasons, it is necessary to maintain sufficient sunlight, and seedlings need to be shaded in the initial stage of transplanting or the upper basin. When natural light is lower than 8000LX. It is necessary to add light (70LX/m2). After filling, no artificial light is needed.

Water and fertilizer management: We need to keep the basin soil moist during growth. Maintain cool temperatures, reduce the amount of water, showering and high temperatures can easily lead to excessive leaf growth. It is not suitable to pour at low temperature, but also to prevent the high temperature and dryness from producing the deformed leaves.

The European Primula should not use heavy fertilizers. In order to prevent the leaves from being too long, excessive nitrogen fertilizers should be avoided and a higher proportion of potassium should be used. The ideal ratio of nitrogen to potassium is 1:2 to 1:3. Plants were planted in pots with balanced NPK fertilizers. Due to the low temperature and low evaporation of water, continuous fertilization is very important. It can ensure the compact growth of plants and high quality. If the amount of fertilizer is insufficient in the early stage of planting, it will be difficult to make up later. The pH can not be higher than 6, otherwise it is easy to cause the plants lack of trace elements iron and manganese, and the plants are easy to fade.

Ventilation: Ventilation in the greenhouse is very important to prevent excessive humidity, adjust the appropriate placement density, otherwise it will affect the normal growth and flowering.

Shade: Shade the plants before the roots are fully stretched in the basin. The shading net was used externally during the first two weeks after the pot was installed.

Flower bud differentiation: The growth temperature below 15°C helps flower bud formation. Early flowering varieties often require weaker varieties. Therefore, early flowering varieties are suitable for use in warm areas, such as 'pesetas'. Before the flower buds differentiate, there should be enough leaves to grow, at least the leaves should be covered with potted soil. Without chlormequat treatment, plant shape is mainly achieved through low temperature control.

Growth cycle: European Primrose usually blooms after about 18 to 20 weeks, which can supply the New Year's Day and Spring Festival markets. Primrose cultivation can be done in the greenhouse in late autumn and early winter, and the temperature is adjusted to 10 to 15°C. Concerning cultivation, attention should be paid to the fact that the temperature is too high, the leaves are too full, the flowers become smaller and less, and the plants used for flowering should have sufficient size.

The four seasons Primula are neutral sunshine plants, which are affected by the seasons. The temperature and other environmental conditions are suitable for the four seasons. The flowering is early, the plant morphology is different from the European Primula, and the performance is different. Its reproduction, cultivation and management are similar to the European report. In spring, the key to production is the control and control of temperature and moisture. The multi-flowered primroses are bred by horticulturists after they have been interbreeded with each other, and their market share is small.

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