How to increase the effect of urea fertilizer on crops

How to increase the effect of urea fertilizer on crops

Urea is the nitrogen fertilizer with the highest concentration in solid nitrogen fertilizer produced in China, and its aqueous solution is neutral. In addition to the basic fertilizer used in crops, the vast majority of crops are used for top dressing. So, how can we increase the effect of urea dressing? The main points should be as follows:

1. Determine the amount of top dressing based on soil fertility. Practice has shown that increasing the amount of fertilizer applied to the middle and low-yielding fields can significantly increase production. Maintaining General Fertilization for High Yield Fields

Level can be. Generally, on the basis of sufficient fertilizer and chemical fertilizer as the base fertilizer, taking the two major crops of corn and sorghum as examples, in the high fertility soil, topdressing 20 kg per mu, and in the medium fertility soil, applying 23 kg per mu; In low-yield soil, 27 kg should be applied.

2. Fertilizers are topped off during the crop nutrient season. The main function of topdressing is to use fertilizers to regulate the growth and appearance of crops, to meet the nutritional needs of crops in the middle and later stages of fertility, and to increase production. The key to increasing the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers is to grasp the critical period and maximum efficiency period of nutrient absorption of various crops, and try to top-dress fertilizers during the nutrient-rich period of crops in order to increase the utilization rate of fertilizers. Maize should be in the jointing period to the big bell-mouth; sorghum should be in the jointing stage to the booting stage; rice from the green stage to the tillering stage; sunflower in the budding stage; wheat in the three-leaf stage; soybean topdressing urea in the early flowering stage.

3. Do a deep cover. Practice has proved that when urea is applied on the ground surface for 4 to 5 days at room temperature, most of the nitrogen will be volatilized by ammoniating, and its utilization rate is only about 30%, especially on the surface of calcareous and alkaline soils. Volatile losses are even more severe. Therefore, when urea is used to top-dress dry farm crops, it is better to grind the pits or deepen the ditch for less than 10 cm, so that the urea can be contained in the moist soil, which is conducive to the conversion of urea and is also conducive to the ammonia fertilizer. Adsorption reduces volatilization losses. When topdressing rice with urea, the depth of the water layer should not exceed 3 to 5 cm.

4. Keep a distance from the crop. Due to the high nitrogen content of urea and the high concentration of nutrients, it has great hygroscopicity. Therefore, when topdressing, it is necessary to prevent urea from being applied near the crop poles, and it is even more important not to drop urea into the heart of the crop so as not to burn the seedlings and affect their growth. Therefore, it must be kept at a certain distance from the crop.

5. It is applied earlier than other nitrogen fertilizers. Because urea is a kind of low molecular organic compound, it must have an ammoniated process after being applied to the soil and be converted into a highly volatile ammonium carbonate before it can be absorbed by the crop roots. Therefore, using urea to topdress crops should be applied about 7 days earlier than other nitrogen fertilizers.

6. Do not mix with alkaline fertilizers. Urea is a neutral fertilizer and should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers at the time of top dressing to prevent the decrease of fertilizer efficiency. If non-mixed application with alkaline fertilizer can not be, but also staggered fertilization date, usually every 3-5 days. However, when urea is mixed with potassium chloride, phosphate rock powder, and superphosphate, the effect of increasing production is significant. 7. Do not apply water immediately after topdressing. After urea is applied to the soil, it cannot be absorbed by the soil before it is converted and transformed. If you fill water immediately after chasing, it will cause a large loss of urea. Soil water shortage, non-irrigation can not be time, but also to do small ground irrigation, avoid flooding irrigation. When topdressing rice, it should be considered that urea is more fluid before conversion, and it can't be immediately watered after topdressing. Generally, it is appropriate to fill small water once every 3 to 5 days after recovery.

8. Do top dressing. Urea has less damage to crop leaves, and is easily soluble in water. It is highly diffusive and easy to be absorbed by leaves. It is not easy to cause plasmolysis after entering the leaves, so it is suitable for top dressing. However, urea with a biuret content of not more than 2% should be used to prevent loss of the blade. The concentration of urea as a topdressing fertilizer varies depending on the type of crops. The concentration of top dressings outside the crops is 1.5%~2%; the concentration of top dressings outside the double leaf crops is 1%, and the concentration during the flowering phase of the crop It should also be smaller. Generally, the amount of fertilizer applied outside the urea root per mu is 0.5 to 1.5 kg. The spraying time is appropriate after 4 pm, when the evapotranspiration is small, the leaf pores gradually open, and the diluted urea solution can be absorbed completely at one night, which greatly improves the utilization rate of urea.

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