Strengthening the pre-winter management of apple trees is conducive to the safe overwintering of the trees, and lays a solid foundation for the growth, flowering and fruiting of apples in the coming year. So before the arrival of winter, what work does the fruit grower need to do? Applying basal fertilizer before winter The first step of pre-winter management is carried out after fruit picking. After the fruit is harvested, the basal fertilizer should be applied in autumn immediately to the orchard without basal fertilizer. Because the temperature is still high at this time, the basal fertilizer is not only beneficial to the absorption and utilization of roots, but also beneficial to the recovery of damaged roots, which will affect the development and flowering of the tree in the second year. The result is a guarantee. Fertilization can be applied in a ring-shaped furrow. Dig a ring-shaped furrow with a depth and width of about 40 cm at the crown projection, and then fill it with a layer of fertilizer and a layer of soil. It is extremely necessary to fill with frozen water, mainly to meet the physiological needs of the tree, and at the same time, it is beneficial to prevent stripping and improve the differentiation of flower buds, thereby increasing the fruit-setting rate of next spring. Mechanical flood irrigation can be used in areas with good water sources, and hole irrigation can be used in areas with poor water sources and insufficient irrigation equipment. Lime-sulfur mixture should be sprayed with lime-sulfur mixture at the end of October to early November in gardens where there are many trunk diseases and insect pests. It can protect the tree trunks by spraying the tree trunks with 3 to 5 degrees Baume. Killing effect. Cleaning the orchard After all the leaves of the fruit trees have fallen, the entire orchard should be cleaned thoroughly. The diseased branches and fallen leaves should be buried or burned together to eliminate the overwintering places for pests and diseases to reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases in the next year. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If the legal rights of a third party are involved, please inform this website for processing. phone
PCR ( Polymerase Chain Reaction)
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It provides a way to make more copies of a portion of DNA.
We need to have PCR ingredients that include DNA portion, Buffer solution, Primer+DNA (tap polymerase), and Nucleotides during the preparation step.
In the step of PCR sequence, there are three steps in this section.
Step 1 Denaturation
The addition of heat is needed to separate the two strands of the DNA molecule.
Step 2 Annealing
Temperature, is going to be cool in this step, should allow the primers to bind to the specific segments.
Step 3 DNA Synthesis
To make more copies of the DNA.
Those three steps above keep repeating to make enough copies of the DNA fragments. It is the principle of how PCR machine works.
Key points of apple orchard management before winter