Key points of high quality and high efficiency cultivation techniques for bitter gourd

Momordica charantia is a short-day plant. It is hi-temperature, hi light, heat-resistance, moisture-resistance, and immeasurable to shade. The requirements for light length are not strict. Longer-time light is beneficial to its good growth, and it requires higher soil moisture and air humidity. However, it is not tolerant; it has wide adaptability and can be cultivated in various soils in the north and south of China. In recent years, vegetable growers in some areas are also growing in greenhouses or greenhouses.

1. Choosing good varieties is the key to high yield. The white bitter gourd and green bitter gourd 915 developed by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences are favored by vegetable farmers because of their good quality, high yield, and strong disease resistance. Before sowing, the seeds were soaked in hot water of 55°C and agitated. When the temperature was lowered to 30°C, soaking for 12 hours (if the seeds were gently opened, the seeds would absorb water, and the soaking time was 8 hours). Subsequently, the seeds were washed and removed, wrapped in clean gauze, and germinated in a thermostat at about 30°C. Wash it once daily with lukewarm water and start sprouting about 4 to 5 days. In this way, it can kill the germs brought by the seeds, and it can ensure the buds.

2, sowing

Bitter gourd cultivated in open field, generally nursery in the greenhouse. The prepared soil is prepared the day before sowing (occurrence of vegetative peat grass with melons: vermiculite: decayed manure dry = 1:1:1:0.5; addition of diammonium phosphate 1 kg/m3, After sieving and dosing, piling up into piles, covering with plastic sheeting, using it after a few days, mixing evenly once during use, loading in a 10 cm X10 cm nutrient bowl, or installing in a prepared nursery pot (with wood) Bars shall be made into squares by 10 cm and 10 cm, and the middle of the squares shall be hit with a wooden stick and 1 cm deep). The next day after spraying the nutrient soil with water, a thin layer of fine soil can be sowed. Put the seeds of the buds in the little eyes (Note: The buds are down on the soil). Cover the seeds with a small mound of about 1.5 centimeters thick, and then sprinkle a layer of fine soil. Taking the Beijing area as an example, planting is generally conducted at the end of March and the beginning of April. The seedling age is about 30 to 35 days. After the final frost in early May, the planting field will be planted. Cultivating strong seedlings is one of the elements of producing pollution-free vegetables.

3, seedling management

After sowing, the greenhouse shall be sealed to raise the temperature. The seedling shall be inserted into a small arch shed, covered with a film, and warmed and moistened so that the daytime temperature is maintained at 30-35°C and the nighttime is maintained at 15°C or higher. When 50% of the seedlings emerged, cover the membrane of the small shed in time. After the seedlings were released, the indoor temperature was kept at 20-25°C during the day and about 10°C during the night. See dry watering, take the principle of temperature control without water control, keep the seedlings grow robustly. Afterwards, the temperature in the shed was gradually reduced, and the shed film was opened a few days before the planting to carry out the hardening.

4, colonization

Because bitter gourd is a thermophilic and fat-tolerant crop, it is necessary to apply enough base fertilizer. Apply 5,000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer and 30 kg of ammonium phosphate per 667 square meters. After mixing, press 1.5 meters to make water. After a few days, dry the soil slightly and then make it 80 to 90 centimeters wide. , 10 to 15 cm high sorghum, 5 to 7 days before planting on the mulch. Every two rows, 60 cm spacing, planting line. Digging pits should not be too deep. It is advisable to block some water after planting. In order to prevent the ground temperature from declining, the dredging method is generally adopted. After the water in the pit is infiltrated, the pit is sealed with soil to prevent air leakage. After the planting, it must be inserted in a timely manner. Because the bitter gourd grows very strong, it is necessary to insert a firm frame. The distance between racks is 20 cm (a slightly thicker rack can be 30 cm). Timely plugging can also improve the microclimate in the field, which will help the seedlings quickly grow seedlings. 1300-1600 strains will be planted per 667m2 with a seed volume of 250-300g.

5, field management

The seedling water is poured in time after easing the seedlings, so when the temperature is still at the end, the water cannot be too large. A few days later, the cultivars will be intensively cultivated in order to preserve the soil temperature and promote plant growth and development. Due to the strong branching ability of the plants, 2 to 3 rough vines were selected from the lower part and the vines were placed on the shelves. The rest were destroyed. During this period, it is generally not watered. When all the first melons sit and start to inflate, water and follow the water to recover 10 to 15 kg of urea or 20 to 25 kg/667 square meters of ammonium bicarbonate. Therefore, when a plant enters a vigorous growth stage, it should be top-dressed according to weather changes, plant growth conditions, and soil conditions. This is called watering to “look at the sky, see the land, and look at the crops”. It should be noted that because the bitter gourd roots are more developed, the plant growth potential is stronger, watering should not be overworked, so as to avoid causing light and long pods not to produce melon, poor ventilation and light transmission cause disease or overwhelm the frame, resulting in economic losses. About 40 to 50 days after planting, commercial melons are harvested. The melon period needs more fertilizer.

6. Pest control

Due to less disease resistance of bitter gourd, leaf mold and powdery mildew generally occur in the late growth stage. Usually 50% thiophanate-methyl WP 1000 times or 10% triadimefon EC 1500 times spray. 20% omethoate 1000 times spray control locusts, konjac 1500 ~ 2000 times liquid spray control of spider mites, camellia.

Goji berries seed containing all the nutrition goji berries root, leaf, fruit essence. By the scientific research, Goji seed oil besides contains linoleic acid, alphalinolenic acid, gamma linolenic acid, vitamin E, selenium, also contain a variety of unsaturated fatty acids, trace elements, biological active substances, epidermal growth factor, SOD, beta-carotene and other nutrients. With fatigue, regulating blood lipid, protect liver, enhance immunity, beauty to raise colour, such as health care function, is expensive health care keeping in good health treasures, and often take can anti-aging, prolong life of preserve one's health.

Goji Oil

Goji Oil,Natural Goji Oil,Organic Goji Oil

Ningxia Rich Resource International Co., Ltd , https://www.richresources-nx.com