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Occurrence and Prevention of Common Diseases of Asparagus
Asparagus stem rot 1. Symptoms. The main hazard is young bamboo shoots, young bamboo shoots are injured after being unearthed, and water-soaked spots gradually appear on the stem surface, gradually expanding, then invading the stem, the stem tissue rot, and the ground is withered, and the humidity may appear white on the surface of the stem. Mycelium. Pathogen is a kind of Pythium, which belongs to the flagellin subphylum. It lives in mycelium or sclerotium in winter. It can rot for 2-3 years. The mycelium invades the host directly, spreads through the water stream, farm implements, sows the plant densely, and humidity. It is easy to cause morbidity. 2. Control methods. (1) The use of sorghum or ridge cultivation, should not be too dense. (2) Strengthen field management, timely drainage after rain, reduce soil moisture; (3) timely remove diseased bamboo shoots, concentrate deep or burn, and reduce the source of bacteria. (4) Use drip irrigation or sub-film irrigation to prevent flooding. (5) At the beginning of the disease, spray with 75% EB-Zn-Zn wettable powder 500 times or 64% WP wettable powder 500 times, 72% DuPont Kelu wettable powder 800-1000 times, before harvesting. Discontinued for 3 days. Asparagus Blight 1. Symptoms. Asparagus blight, also known as blight, is a soil-borne disease. The pathogens lived in the soil with chlamydospore. In the following year, conidia are produced by rainwater or irrigation water, and are immersed in wounds to harm the stems and roots. After the onset of disease, a large number of conidia are produced to re-infect the soil. Initially, the individual plants in the field turned yellow and wilted. After the disease spread, the whole plant withered, the stems became infected, and the leaves and stems turned brown or split. The underground stems and roots of the diseased plants were brown spots. The diseased parts later rotted, producing white to pink. Mildew, larvae infected, stems small or unable to unearth. 2. Control methods. (1) The nursery is not suitable for continuous cropping. (2) Apply sufficiently mature organic fertilizer and use asparagus special fertilizer to prevent burning roots or roots. (3) Strengthen management, timely remove weeds, drain water in time after rain, reduce soil moisture, and prevent moisture retention. (4) spraying or watering 36% of thiophanate-methyl thiocarbazone 600 times or 50% carbendazim WP 700 times, or 1:1:160 doubling Bordeaux, 77% of WP 500 times liquid for prevention and treatment. Asparagus root rot 1. Symptoms. The main damage stem base or root, the initial disease part becomes brown, the cortex rot gradually, leaving only the epidermis and vascular bundles, white mycelium under the epidermis, serious roots all rotten, root ulceration, plant yellow, dwarf or withered Wilt death, generally not falling leaves, this point is different from blight. 2. Control methods: Asparagus blight asparagus anthrax 1. Symptoms. The main hazards stems, stems lesions gray to light brown, spindle-shaped or irregular shape, late Minister of disease out of small black spots. The pathogen is Fusarium moniliforme, and the pathogen can survive for 2 years on the seed, with rapid growth in rainy years, and mild onset in drought or drought-free years. 2. Control methods. (1) Dispose of the diseased body in time when harvesting, and concentrate deeply or destroy it. (2) Application of decomposed organic fertilizer. (3) Pay attention to drainage after the onset of the disease and prevent flooding. Flooding should be arranged in the morning to reduce condensation at night. (4) Spray 70% Mancozeb WP 500 times, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times, and 80% Anthraquinone WP WP 800 times, spray once every 10 days or so. Continuous treatment 2-3 times, withdrawal 7 days before harvest. Asparagus virus disease 1. Symptoms: Obvious symptoms of asparagus virus disease are not evident in the field. The diseased plants grow thin, curved, and yellow, and the yield is significantly reduced. Asparagus virus No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 are the pathogens, and the seeds can pass through the virus. The sap can also pass the virus, but the worm does not transmit the virus. 2. Control methods. (1) Pay attention to the use of a knife when harvesting, disinfect the knife if necessary, and prevent the virus in the juice. (2) In order to prevent seed poisoning, seed should be collected from a disease-free plant, and if necessary, detoxification can be performed using a tip-tip detoxification technique. (3) In the early stage of disease, spray 20% poisonous nemesis WP 500-600 times or 0.5% antitoxic agent No. 1 water 300-350 times, 5% bactericidal wettable powder 500 times, 20% virus water solution 500 times liquid powder, spray once every 7-10 days, even spray 3 times, withdrawal before the withdrawal of drugs.
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