Codonopsis pilosula high yield cultivation

Codonopsis pilosula high yield cultivation

Codonopsis pilosula, also known as mountain carrots, mountain sweet potatoes, and goat milk, is a rare Chinese herbal medicine for Changbai Mountain. It has the functions of strengthening body strength, tonifying lungs, removing pus, and detoxifying therapies. It can be used for fried foods, grilled foods, and pickled cabbages. It has unique flavors and is the king of mountain vegetables exported to South Korea, Japan, and the United States. Due to the increase in acquisitions at home and abroad in recent years, the excessive use of Codonopsis communis in the wild has caused excessive shortage of resources, and some areas are facing extinction. It is imperative that artificial cultivation be carried out. 1. Ecological characteristics Codonopsis lanceolata is a perennial stem-climbing plant in the Campanulaceae family. In the south of 50 degrees north latitude, it sprouts from late April to early May. After frost, it enters a dormant period. From September to October, it sprouts sprouts. It is also a good honey plant. Like to be in the mountains and shrubs 300 to 900 meters above sea level. Forest grows. Plant height 2-3 meters, the root meat has white milk, the main root conical, 30-40 cm long, 1.5 cm thick, adult plant weight 100-500 grams. The main stem has a few short branches and four impellers. It blooms in the middle and late July and matures in mid-September, with 100-200 per plant. Seeds are light brown with membranous wings and 1000-grain weight 1.5 grams. 2. The soil preparation and codonopsis radix codonopsis elegans fertilizer is suitable for growth in sandy loam soil, yellow loam soil, and well-drained plots. Should choose to leeward sunny, near the source of water, fertile soil, groundwater level below 1.3 meters of land cultivation. It is best to use deep pine plows as deep as possible on shallow plowed land to improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and create suitable conditions for growth, but do not turn up the new soil. For a bed width of 1.2 to 1.5 meters, 20-30 centimeters high, it is necessary to pay attention to light and drainage convenience, oblique mountain, Yokoyama as bed. In order not to cause pollution and facilitate exports, do not apply chemical fertilizers. Apply 13 kg of microbial potassium fertilizer per 667 square meters (mu), simultaneously apply 600 grams of each of dexamethasone and quintozene, and mix evenly into the soil. 3. Seedlings were transplanted and planted on horizontal beds and sowed in autumn. They were sown in autumn from late September to pre-sealing, and sown in early spring in April (seeds sown in spring should be treated with gibberellin). Sowing distance 10 cm, broadcast width 6 cm, ditch depth 2 cm. First level the bed, the center of the bed is slightly higher, slightly raised, the bed should be dug in the lower drainage ditch, use the board to suppress it again. Watering before sowing, cover the soil 1.5 cm thick after sowing, then cover 3 cm thick leaves to prevent wind, sun and dirt. Carrot seedlings are small and there is no grass shortage. After June, weeding should be done regularly. According to the condition of the seedlings, artificial seedlings should be used, and the seedlings should be 3-5 cm apart. In the middle and early July, spit vines began to spread. One metre high tree branch was inserted every 40 centimeters on the line. Each line had 4-5 roots for large stems, which was conducive to air and light transmission. Planting corn at a bedside of 30-40 cm can increase income. Transplanting fields, making beds, and fertilizing are the same as raising seedlings. Both spring and autumn seasons can be transplanted. The transplanting time is the same as that of ginseng. First divide the seedlings into 1-3 grades, raise the seedlings, pick the seedlings, plant the trees to prevent wind and sun exposure, increase the survival rate, and prevent the diseased seedlings, injured seedlings, and dry pulp seedlings from planting into the fields. Remove the roots of the seedlings to make them look good. Autumn planting in late September to pre-frozen, spring planted in mid-April to mid-May, can not be planted in the autumn, poured frozen water before freezing. Raise the seedlings from the beginning of the bed to avoid injuring roots and sprouts. With a rake, the depth is determined by the length of the seedlings. The mountains are planted from the bottom up, the buds are up, the flatland is planted from south to south, and buds face south. Slotted slope into 30-40 degrees, oblique planting seedlings. Determine the size of the seedlings by 6-10 cm spacing, spacing 15-20 cm, the edge of the bed 10 cm away from the bed, put the seedlings cover soil 10 cm. Buds cover soil 6-8 cm thick. After the end of the planting, use a rake to flatten the surface of the bed to make it slightly wood-backed, then use wood to suppress it slightly to prevent it from drying out. 4. Field management When the snow melts in April, check whether the drainage ditch is unobstructed. If the peach blossom water is immersed, it will cause slow freezing, and the place where the water is stored will rot. From late April to early May, when the winter buds sprout, the bed covers the soil with pine rakes, and the depth of the mulch is not broken. The debris is removed and the emergence of weeds is reduced. From late May to early June, loosen the soil, weeding and lifting the hoe, do not injure the seedlings and injure the roots. In the late June, we will remove a large grass. In mid-June, when the height of seedlings was 30-40 cm, it was introduced into the frame. Pest control, soil disinfection with 15 grams per square meter of quintozene or 7 grams of carbendazim. In June and July, blight easily occurred, and 70% of the enemy can be used to spray the ground 1000 times, so that the liquid dip 3 to 5 cm deep, to prevent the liquid sprayed to the leaves produce phytotoxicity. Brown spot occurred and the water spray was sprayed with zeocin or thiophanate-methyl and sprayed every 10 days. 5. Seed-picking and starting-in-parade production The fruit was harvested during the open season in mid-September, and it was placed on a tarpaulin 2-3 cm thick and turned 2-3 times a day. After the seeds have fallen out, they are screened and then selected. After drying in the air bag into the spare. The Codonopsis lanceolata, which has been transplanted for two years or live for three years, can be used as a reference after stems and leaves wither in October. The hillside lands from the bottom up, and the flat land starts from north to south. Excavating from the bottom with a four-tooth fork or flat file ensures that it is not damaged. For dry goods, wash the skin with water, dry it in the sun, and tie it for sale. 6. Economic Benefits Zhao Wenxi, a technology demonstration farmer in Fujiang Township, Tonghua County, learned about planting technology in 2000, and raised funds to plant 12,000 yuan of codonopsis. Under the influence of his demonstration, in 2001 the whole township started planting carrots. The alkali plant village Wang Shun received an income of 28,000 yuan in autumn. The supply of plants was in short supply, and foreign orders had not yet been fulfilled. Under the influence of the township, nearly a dozen villages and towns have expanded their planting area in 2002. According to 35,000 strains of seedlings per 667 square meters, 3000 yuan is planted and planted, and 2 years after harvest, 2500 kg of fresh produce can be produced. 6 yuan per kilogram, the output value of 15,000 yuan. The first year after planting, it will produce 25 kilograms of seeds and 40 kilograms in the second year, for a total of 65 kilograms, with a minimum of 200 yuan per kilogram of seed and an income of 1-35,000 yuan. In 3 years, the total output value of 667 square meters is about 3 million yuan. Seedlings per kilogram of seed can be broadcast 140 square meters, transplant 667 square meters, invest 300 yuan. Mountain carrots are suitable for returning cultivated land to forest lands, sparse forest lands, barren mountain fertilizer lands, and cultivated lands with cultivated ginseng. It is an ideal project for returning farmland to forests and contracting economic ditch in rural areas.

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