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The new technology of rotation of penaeus prawn and Penaeus vannamei
Penaeus vannamei has the characteristics of thin shell, fresh meat, large individual, high yield, and short growth cycle. It does not affect the first half of the spring shrimp culture in the first half of the year. It can be raised in greenhouses for a period of time to raise stocking specifications and shorten farming. Cycle, so that one year can be cultured for two seasons of white shrimp, to achieve the purpose of increasing production and income. In 2003, we conducted trials of Sanguisorba paniculata breeding at Yangshe Town Aquaculture Base and achieved good results. The yield per mu per mu reached 568.5 kg, of which the first crop was fresh shrimp, and the yield was 41 kg per mu. The yield per mu is 296 kg per mu in South America and 231.5 kg per mu in the third. The test is summarized below. I. Materials and Methods (1) Shrimp Pond Condition 1. The greenhouse pool shall be 550 square meters of earthen pond, and be built with bamboo and plastic film greenhouses on it, and a bamboo aisle shall be built in the middle of the earth pool, and four small food stands shall be set beside it. Easy to operate and observe shrimp activity. It is equipped with two 1.1-kw inflatable aeration pumps and one GLSG coal-fired atmospheric pressure hot-water boiler. Four plastic pipes are laid at a certain distance from the bottom of the pool, and aeration sand heads are installed on the pipes to increase the holding capacity through aeration and oxygenation. The dissolved oxygen in the pool water. 2. Shrimp aquaculture selected two ponds No. 3 and No. 8 in this field as the test pool, with an area of ​​5.4 mu, a pond water depth of 2 meters, and a pool slope of 1:2.5, with a complete water intake and drainage system. Each 3-acre pond is equipped with a 3-kilowatt aerator. (II) Three-seedling stocking 1. The first oyster shrimp will be cleaned with quicklime clear ponds in winter ponds, with 100kg per acre. Water will be injected after one week of exposure, and filtered with dense mesh when entering the water. At the end of January, the stocking size per acre was 24,000 tails of 1040 fish/kilograms of shrimp, and a total of 118,800 shrimps were stocked. 2. Second, South American white shrimp In early April, the holding tank of the South American white shrimp was cleaned and disinfected, and the holding tank was debugged to ensure safety. The salinity of the water in the holding pool was adjusted to be the same as the salinity of the nursery pond two days before the stocking. On April 30th, 550,000 shrimp seedlings were placed in the holding pool, with an average of 1,000 fish/m2. After 15 days of storage, the South American white shrimp specifications reached about 2 cm, and were subdivided into test ponds and other ponds. . On May 15, on the 3rd and 8th shrimp ponds, a total of 135,000 South American white shrimps were placed, and the stocking capacity was 25,000. 3. The third pupae of the Penaeus vannamei holding pool was treated with quicklime to disinfect and then injected water. On July 14th, 200,000 prawns of Penaeus vannamei were raised temporarily. The 3rd and 8th test pools were sterilized after the capture of the entire pond on July 28. Exposure, water injection. On August 10th, the white-pull shrimp in the holding pool was placed in the test pool. The acreage was 25,000, and a total of 135,000 South American white shrimps were stocked. Second, daily management Feeding Management (1) After the stocking of the holding pool management, the plankton in the holding pond is rich, and less feed is put into it. The daily dosage is calculated as 20 grams per 10,000. The feed is divided into three batches of early, middle, and late feeding. The proportions were 30%, 20%, and 50% respectively. After 4-5 days, the number of bait should be gradually increased due to the increase of individuals, but the amount of feeding should be controlled flexibly. In short, feeding a feed should be done in 2 hours. (2) Test pond management The stocked shrimps in the test pool have been more than 2 cm, and the daily dosage accounts for 15%-40% of the body weight. Afterwards, as the size of the shrimp increases, the proportion of feeding is gradually reduced, and shrimp is eaten. It is advisable to become full of 70% to 80%. The number of feedings per day is preferably a small number of times, usually four times a day, at 7:00, 11:00, 15:00, 18:00. Daily check the amount of residual baits using dip net, timely adjust the amount of feeding, so that it is not a waste to eat. At the same time, according to the pond water quality conditions and weather conditions, the amount of feeding is controlled flexibly. 2. Water Quality Management Penaeus vannamei has large food intake, rapid digestion and excretion, and the water quality is easy to change. Especially in the greenhouse shed at the end of April, the space is relatively small, the temperature changes day and night, the water temperature in the greenhouse is relatively high, and the water quality after feeding It is easy to get fat and water is difficult to control. In order to maintain good water quality, in addition to the early training of natural food to reduce the amount of artificial feeding, usually should change the water, change the water less, the speed is slower, the exchange of water is generally 1/5, but always make the water temperature inside the greenhouse Keeping within the normal growth range, complex microbial preparations are often applied to keep the survival rate of Penaeus vannamei above 80%. During the cultivation of P. vannamei in ponds, due to the small size of the shrimps in the earlier period, the environmental factors in the ponds can meet the growth requirements of P. vannamei, but when the P. vannamei size exceeds 6 cm, the pond water level should be increased while An aerator should be started to increase the oxygen in the pond. The new water should be filled every 5-7 days. Each time the amount of water added is 10-20 cm, the maximum water level in the pond can reach about 2 meters. Each time, the amount of salt should be added. The salt content in the pond water can reach about 0.5%, the dissolved oxygen in the pond water is not less than 5 mg/L, the water color is green and the transparency is maintained at about 30 cm. Third, prevention and treatment First, start from the source, when buying seedlings in addition to a good quarantine, usually to feed better quality feed, while adding in the feed Vc, VE and allicin and other herbal preparations to enhance the shrimp seedlings The resistance to disease. After each water addition, disinfectant pools such as dibromohydantoin are used to disinfect the shrimps to prevent the shrimps from infecting bacteria, which leads to a decline in the body's immunity and causes secondary outbreaks of viral diseases. During our entire breeding period, there was no major illness of P. vannamei. IV. Test results The shrimp in ponds have been cultured for a period of time and have reached certain specifications. The first crop of shrimps was harvested on May 5 and 221.4 kilograms of commercial shrimp were caught. The sale price was 28 yuan/kg, and the output value was 6199.2 yuan. On the second day of July 28th, the South American White Shrimp was arrested. A total of 1598.4 kg of commercial shrimp was caught. The sale price was 26 yuan/kg, and the output value was 4,1558.4 yuan. On the third day of November 8th, the South American white prawn capture ended, and a total of 1250.1 kg of commercial shrimp was caught. The sale price was 20 yuan/kg, and the output value was 25,002 yuan. The total output value of Sancha is 72759.6 yuan. Feed costs 17,400 yuan, seed costs 7,500 yuan, electricity costs 4,000 yuan, drug costs 600 yuan, sea salt 3,780 yuan, labor costs 5,000 yuan, pond rents 2,880 yuan, equipment depreciation costs 2,500 yuan, and the total cost is 43,660 yuan. The profit was 2,9099.6 yuan and the profit per acre was 5388.8 baht. V. Summary and discussion 1. This experiment passed the breeding of Sancha, and the profit of Mu was 5388.8 yuan, of which the per mu yield of white shrimp was 88%, which was a good breeding mode. The use of green prawn, South American white prawn, and South American white prawn bred for trifoliate use is a season difference in mid-May to late October in the suitable growing season for Penaeus vannamei in our region. The pond is cultivated for one year through the cultivation of local green prawn. It can be fully utilized in the four seasons to achieve the purpose of increasing production and increasing profits. At the same time, according to the changes in market prices, it is also possible to carry out the three-spot aquaculture of green prawns, white vannamei, and green prawns. 2. In this experiment, aerators and biological agents were used in the breeding of whiteleg shrimp in South America, which increased the content of beneficial bacteria in the water and played a very good role in inhibiting the incidence of Penaeus vannamei. At the same time, through the action of the aerator, the dissolved oxygen in the water is always maintained above 4 mg/L, which plays a significant role in increasing the yield of P. vannamei.