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Livestock and poultry feed preparation
Although the nutritional value of corn, barley, sorghum, beans, potato, wheat bran, and cakes is relatively high, the seed coat, glume, starch structure of common factors, and some concentrates contain The special substances (such as tannins, etc.), inhibition of nutritional factors (such as antitrypsin, prothrombin, etc.) affect the digestion and absorption of their nutrients. Therefore, simple processing and preparation of concentrated feed before feeding can greatly improve digestion and absorption rate. The general methods of preparation are as follows: The degree of fineness of the crusher should be determined according to the type of feed and livestock. Feeds for pigs and cattle can be crushed to medium or coarse granules with a diameter of 1-2 mm. Feeds for donkeys and horses, such as barley and oats, can be crushed with only slight pressurization. It should be ground into a grain, but not too fine. Soaking and immersing can promote the swelling and softening of the solid particles, and improve digestion and absorption rate. Cement tank or tank can be used for soaking. Generally, the ratio of water to water is 1:2. It is advisable to ooze water droplets with handgrips after foaming. Soaking time should depend on the type of seasonal feed. Hot summer weather, soaking time should be short to prevent feed spoilage. Cooking is applied to legume feeds. If soybeans are cooked, they can destroy the antitrypsin and help the digestion and absorption of nutrients. For feeds with high protein content, the cooking time should not be too long. Generally, do not exceed 15 minutes after steaming. Otherwise, it will cause protein denaturation and reduce the utilization rate. The saccharified cereal feed is processed by saccharification and fermentation to convert part of the starch in the feed to maltose and increase its sugar content. The specific method is to add the ground feed to 2 to 25 times more hot water and stir it evenly. The enzyme in the feed will be used under the conditions of 55°C to 60°C, and the feed will contain 4 hours later. The amount of sugar can increase by 8%-10%. If you add 20% barley malt, the saccharification effect is better. Saccharification feeds are mainly used for finishing pigs or piglets. Germinating many cereal feeds can increase the nutritional value. This type of feed is suitable for feeding livestock, breeders and high-producing dairy cows. Before germination, the kernels are panned and mixed, then placed in the barrel and soaked in warm water of 30°C-40°C for 24 hours. After the cereals are fully inflated, remove them and place them in a container capable of filtering water. Room temperature 15 °C -25 °C, wash with water 15 °C once a day sooner or later, after 3-6 days to germinate, shoots can be fed when 3-6 cm long.