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Summer planting loofah at its right time
Tests over the years have shown that the harvest period of the summer plant loofah coincides with the autumnal season of vegetables, the price of fresh melons is stable, and the economic benefits are good. Therefore, the vegetable farmers should arrange the sowing period rationally, strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, ensure the quality and yield of Xia Suangua, meet the needs of the consumers in the market, and gain output and income. In addition, the cultivation and management of Xia Shougua is different from that of spring and autumn loofah, and there are phenomena such as proneness and slow flowering of vine leaves. The following problems should be grasped in cultivation: 1. Select varieties to be suitable for cultivation of summer varieties Variety insensitive to short days: such as Xia Yugua, Xin Xia Loofah, Feng Kang loofah, Ya-green No. 1, Xiu Yu loofah and so on. Second, seedling transplanting summer loofah should not be live, should choose a well-drained field seedling transplantation. Loofah seeds are soaked in fresh water for 8-10 hours, then picked up and drained for sowing. Seeding methods are commonly used plastic nutrient cups and nursery tray seedlings, nutrient soil should be used in new soil or vegetable garden soil not planted melons. Sow 1 seed per hole when planting. Before transplanting seedlings, it is necessary to properly control water and fertilizer and cultivate strong seedlings. Third, the field selection of loofah fertilizer, should be selected sunny, soil fertile, moist, high organic matter content, strong water retention and fertility of loam or clay loam soil cultivation. IV. Site preparation and soil preparation 1. Site preparation: planting of lotus roots with a width of 1.2-1.5 m, a width of 30-40 cm, and a height of 35 cm. Combined with site preparation, basal fertilization, Mushi soil mixed fertilizer 2000 kg + 50 kg of Norwegian compound fertilizer or 50 kg of Western compound fertilizer. 2, planting: Xia Shougua cultivation using double line plant, line, plant spacing 70-80 cm 50 cm, about 1700 per mu planting is appropriate. When the seedlings have 2-3 true leaves, they can be transplanted into the field. Fifth, field management 1, vine leaf finishing: generally about 35 centimeters in length for the first time vines, about 70 centimeters in length for the second vine, the direction of vines can be cited in the same direction or relative direction, vines method with the weather According to the situation, sunny days open a small ditch, put melon vines into the ditch, and then covered with small clods; in rainy days, the vines are pressed on the surface, not to open a small ditch, so as not to rot the stalks; in case of continuous rain, when the area is water It is only necessary to press the blade with a piece of mud, not to press the stem, and also to fix the roots of the stem to prevent the stems from rot. In order to adapt to the characteristics of the mangosteens, the mandibles are often introduced into the hedgerows until the male flowers emerge, and the zigzag spreads evenly over the fences. In the late growth stage, the old leaves or diseased leaves of the base are properly removed. In the case of overgrowth of vine leaves, some of the leaves may be removed at different intervals in the upper, middle, and lower parts, or the leaves may be picked when the vine leaves grow too densely. , conducive to air and light or reduce pests and diseases. 2, timely management of melon: During the flowering results, when found on the leaves, fences, melons, or be twisted between tendrils, you need to be promptly organized so that it is suspended vertically within the scaffold, while the disease should be removed, In order to avoid infectious diseases. 3, rational fertilization: The general principle of fertilization is: diligent application of thin application, control of water and fertilizer before the melon, after the results and side vines when the heavy fertilizer, and pay attention to the application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer. Should apply enough organic fertilizer, suitable for chemical fertilizers. The organic fertilizer is full, and the loofah grows straight and long, otherwise it may cause malformations. After 5-7 days of transplanting, mu was applied with 1500 kg of 1:10 diluted feces and urine water to promote the growth of stems and leaves. Fertilization depends on the seedling condition until flowering results: seedlings grow vigorously, dark green, can be applied with little or no fertilization; grow weak, leaching application of 4-6 kilograms of compound fertilizer leachate 1500 kilograms per acre for about 15 days or 1: 10 urine water 1500 kilograms. After the results, topdressing once every 5-7 days, each application of 10-15 kg compound fertilizer; during the harvest, the amount of fertilizer should be increased 1-2 times, and the application of plant ash 50-100 kg / mu 1-2 times . 4. Water Management: Loofah needs more water in the whole growth period, and the soil should be kept moist in the early growth stage. During the flowering period, the water needs to be the largest, and the root system is also strong. The irrigation needs to be strengthened. Loofah needs water, but it also avoids accumulation of water. When irrigation, it should be immediately filled with irrigation, not flood irrigation, especially in the rain, it should pay attention to drainage, to prevent the area of ​​water. Sixth, pest control 1, disease prevention and control: damping-off disease with 70% of the enemy 300 times solution of dexamethasone, 75% chlorothalonil 800 times or thiophanate-methyl 800 times control; 72% of the disease with 72% Kelu 800 times Or 70% mancozeb 800 times liquid control; Downy mildew control with 58% Ruiduomyces 600 times or 72% Kelu 750 times; Powdery mildew with 20% Triadimefon 2000 times control; Anthrax with 70% Thiophanate-methyl 800-1000 times or 50% carbendazim 1500 times. 2. Insect pest control: The quail quail is controlled with 1.8 worms 2000 times liquid or Bacillus thuringiensis preparations; For the fruit fly, 48% of Loxen 1000 times, 90% of trichlorfon 1000 times or 80% of dichlorvos 1000 times Liquid control; aphids were treated with 10% chlorflumidine 1500 times.
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