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Comprehensive anti-freezing measures for greenhouse insulation
In greenhouse cultivation of vegetables, comprehensive measures such as biology, physics, chemistry, and agriculture should be used to perform insulation and antifreeze work. This is extremely important for promoting the normal growth of vegetable plants and increasing the yield and quality of vegetables. The commonly used technical measures are now described below for reference by farmers. The chicken manure and cow dung that are decomposed in the hot soil layer are good thermal organic fertilizers with good air permeability. Before transplanting the vegetables in the greenhouse, the fertilizer can be fertilized at a ratio of chicken manure: cow manure = 2:2:6, and the soil can be set after application. Because of the endothermic and heat-generating properties of this mixed-formulated growing layer, it is very beneficial to the development and growth of the roots of the seedlings. The heat conductivity of the straw grass curtains (grass curtains) is low and the cold weathering performance is good. In production, straw (straw) is made from straw and other straws, and it is timely uncovered according to the temperature of the local area and the day (The temperature of the greenhouse after 1 hour of cover is appropriate around 1890. It is higher than 18°C ​​and less than 18°C. Cover as early as possible. In the evening of cloudy snow weather, cover a layer of cold-proof plastic film outside the haystack (grass curtain), so that the indoor temperature of the shed can be increased by 2-3°C. If nursery seedlings are raised in the shed, then a small arch shed should be placed on the seedling hoe, so that the effect of heat preservation and conservation will be better. Enhance the supplement of the greenhouse vegetable production is not afraid of cold and cold, afraid of even the lack of sunshine on cloudy snow days. Therefore, enhancing and supplementing the light in the shed is very important for ensuring the normal growth of the vegetable plants. The method is that a reflective film can be hung on the back wall of the booth to increase the light intensity of the cultivation bed; the electric lamp can also be installed in the studio to turn on the light for 3 hours in the morning and in the evening when the light is weak in cloudy snow days. Right and left (note that there is a dark time of about 8 hours at night). In this way, the temperature in the greenhouse can be increased and photosynthesis of the plants can be promoted. During the cold season of the air conditioning in the greenhouse, due to the low temperature and low ventilation and ventilation, the shed interior is almost in a closed state, so it is easy to cause excess oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air, which has a great influence on the respiration of vegetable plants. Farmers can use carbon dioxide fertilization technology, such as smoke, sulfuric acid and ammonium bicarbonate reaction to adjust the indoor air composition, supplement carbon dioxide content. In this way, the cold resistance of vegetable plants can also be enhanced. Foliar spraying fertilizer solution in the low temperature, weak light conditions, greenhouse vegetable roots to absorb nutrients greatly reduced capacity, especially after the freeze suffered a basic atrophy of leaves, photosynthetic ability to produce nutrients even worse. At this point, the hormone should be used as little or as little as possible, and the effect of the method of foliar spraying fertilizer solution is obvious. For example, spraying a mixture of rice vinegar, sugar and superphosphate at a concentration of 100-300 times can supplement the nutritional deficiency of vegetable plants, increase the hardness and sugar content of the leaf meat, thereby increasing its cold resistance and reducing the harm of freezing injury. . Irrigation and mulch protection Under normal circumstances, the damage caused by lack of water in greenhouses is mostly caused by water shortage. In the critical period of vegetable growth, select sunny weather (temperature above 200°C), use submerged irrigation or drip irrigation, fill soil moisture, and effectively prevent freezing damage. This is because the specific heat of water is higher than that of air, and the heat dissipation is slow. The soil moisture content in the greenhouse is moderate, and the heat preservation performance is good. The root system of vegetable plants can be protected from freezing damage. Strengthen management of snow After snowfall, when the outdoor temperature is around -10°C, the temperature inside the shed is generally around 1690. The temperature difference between inside and outside is relatively small; once the weather is fine, the temperature in the shed indoors can rise to 30 °C or more. At this time, many vegetable farmers believe that this is the best period of long-term growth during warm growth, and should not be let off. In fact, the air should be repeatedly ventilated at this time, so that the indoor and outdoor temperature difference between the shed and the previous days, and then slowly warming, so that the vegetable plants have an adaptation process to the environment in order to restore normal growth. Otherwise, it will cause "10-day suppression, 1 day-long growth" and flash sprouting, so that it will be more prone to frost damage when it is cooled again.
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