Difficulties and Difficulties in Promoting Mechanized Transplanting Technology

Mechanized rice transplants have improved the efficiency of work and reduced labor intensity. It is self-evident that many farmers lack confidence in the operation and operation quality of mechanized rice transplanters. They are hesitant to purchase rice transplanters and affect the promotion progress of rice transplanters.

First, agronomy

Some farmers believe that mechanized rice transplants will affect yields. Manual planting, dense planting, planting planting, wide planting. Wide rows of land were planted to waste farmland and production was reduced. Empty fields were also easy to grow grass. This is actually a kind of misunderstanding. Wide line dense plant is a scientific design, has become a common setting for domestic transplanter, line spacing is generally about 30 cm. Wide line density not only does not reduce production, but can increase production and increase income. There are two reasons: First, the pattern of wide-line dense plants improved the ventilation and light conditions of the seedlings, so that the seedlings not only grow faster, have more tillers, and grow stronger. In this way, the output of single seedlings goes up, and the production of the mu will naturally increase. Second, mechanized transplanting has saved Putian, improved survival conditions for seedlings, reduced plant protection and seed costs, and created marginal benefits.

Raising seedlings technology is a difficult point in mechanized transplanting technology. Ex-ante training is indispensable, as long as the technology is thoroughly understood and technical requirements are followed, and childbirth is also an easy task.

1, timely nursery to ensure strong seedlings, high density. Putian should choose to support the management of rice fields, dry land or vegetable gardens that are sunny, fertile, separate from irrigation, and convenient to transport. According to the ratio of 1:100 between Sakata and Daejeon, Sakata is left. Bed soil is selected from vegetable gardens, cultivated mature soils, autumn ploughing and winter plowing. Variety Selection Advantages High-yield, high-yield and good-tolerance early hybrid rice varieties with middle or early maturity are preferred. According to the age of 25-30 days, the date of sowing is deduced, and Ning Tian et al. Seeding process: empty plate (perforated plastic film) → soil loading, sewerage → sowing → cover soil → arch film → rat poison. Seedling height is 10cm-13cm and the density is 8 plants/cm2-10 plants/cm2.

2. The choice of educational management methods. Can use commercial breeding or separate family education, special person guidance two ways. With commercialized breeding, farmers can pay their fees to agricultural technicians and technicians can provide full service for them. The second way is to divide the households into childbirths and guide people. In this way, farmers can arrange their own fields in Putian. .

Second, the machine inserted

Some farmers believe that mechanized transplanting will destroy the inserted seedlings. As far as walk-in transplanters are concerned, walking a person's handle on a walking path does affect the placement of seedlings on both sides, but it does not hurt roots and does not affect production. For the ride-type rice transplanter, although the pressure is large, due to the large contact area between the fuselage and the fuselage, the pressure is also small, and the impact on Putian is very small. Mechanized rice transplanting requires flat land formation, the height difference between the whole field is not more than 3 cm, the topsoil is moderately soft and hard, and the field surface is free from weeds and miscellaneous materials. The pods so broadcast will not be overturned and they will be conducive to seedling growth.

Mechanized transplants should do the following:

1. Unified job. We can do a good job of ideological work in agriculture and obtain farmers' support and cooperation so that the rice planting area can be relatively concentrated, contiguous work can be done, and machine insertion efficiency can be improved.

2. Timely field irrigation. The field should be leveled two to three days prior to machine insertion and the water removed to reduce the moisture content of the nutrient soil. The standby plug should be placed in a 1cm to 2cm water layer one day or the same day. This will not only help the rice transplanter to walk, but also prevent the water content from being too high, the topsoil has a large viscosity, and the seedlings will fall down seriously, affecting the quality and efficiency of the rice transplanter. Therefore, the water content of the topsoil should be 15cm to 20cm.

Third, management

1. Transplanter training. Before transplanting, the transplanter operator should be trained to familiarize them with the mechanical performance and operation essentials, and to master certain maintenance and repair knowledge so as not to affect the transplanting efficiency due to simple faults.

2. Sign an operating contract. The farmer and the agricultural service team or the machine operator must first sign the machine plug-in operation contract, specify their respective responsibilities, service contents and charging standards, and the agricultural machinery department should supervise and guide them.

3. Contract configuration equipment. According to the transplanter's daily workload and the local transplanting period to configure the transplanter, generally 7hm2-10hm2 rice field is equipped with a rice transplanter. This will not only ensure the efficiency of machine plugging, but will not delay farming time.

4. Maintain a good mechanical state of the machine to ensure the smooth operation of the machine. Before transplanting rice transplanter should be a comprehensive maintenance and inspection, especially for the planting arm part, to remove the inspection and maintenance, so as not to affect the normal work. After transplanting, the transplanter should be cleaned for reuse.

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