Recently, the reporter learned from interviews in the countryside that farmers generally reflected that cowpeas were "difficult to plant" in the early spring of this year. Even if they are planted for many years, their cowpea production is very low. Many vegetable farmers complained that "Heavenly publicity is not beautiful." Indeed, continuous cloudy snow conditions created low-temperature, low-light, and high-humidity greenhouses, which resulted in poor growth of kidney beans, root injury, weak stalks, falling flowers, and heavy rot. However, the cultivation of greenhouses from a small environment, to a certain extent, can overcome or reduce the impact of abnormal weather, so in addition to weather factors, the low yield of cowpea and the improper cultivation and management measures of vegetable farmers are closely related. The following is the production problem of cowpea which is generally asked by farmers in interviews with reporters in rural areas. For this purpose, the reporter has summarized and summarized it for reference. How to "control festivals and control" is more effective Shouguang City, Luocheng Street, Xiaonanzhuang Village, vegetable farmer Zhang: As a result of the neglect of control trees, the results of two or three days, the whole shed kidney beans appeared in the jointing prosperous situation, and some jointing more than 40 cm, stems only six or seven leaves It reached the wire height of the vine. As a result, the number of effective flower buds is very small, which greatly affects the output of cowpea. The reporter explained that this is what the old saying goes: "They do not sit and scramble." Because of the long jointing of the kidney beans and excessive nutrition, the reproductive growth will be weakened. In production, it is recommended that the following measures be taken to achieve multi-pronged approach, coordinate plant growth, cultivate strong vines, and promote flower protection. 1. Nitrogen control water control. As the root system of cowpea has the ability of nitrogen fixation, it can be used to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. If there are too many nitrogen fertilizers, the vines will grow significantly. For example, in a shed of 480 square meters in actual planting area, 2,000 kilos of chicken manure, 100 kilos of three yuan compound fertilizer, and 160 kilograms of organic fertilizer in Fengyangyuan can be used as the base fertilizer; after entering the soybean meal expansion period, it takes 10-15 days to divide. Application of 8-10 pounds of Fang Run (20:20:20) total water-soluble fertilizer, the effect is very good. In the early stage of cowpea bean growth, appropriate water control should be carried out to ensure that the soil is relatively dry and the soil is relatively dry, and the permeability is better, so as to promote root barbulation and ensure the plants are robust. 2. Temperature control. During the daytime, the temperature in the greenhouse is high, the nighttime temperature does not fall, and the temperature difference between day and night is less than 10°C, which makes the photosynthetic products produced during the day mostly used for stem growth. The accumulated nutrients in the plants are less, the nutrition needed for flower organ development is also insufficient, and then the jointing performance is performed. Long, thin stalks, small flowers or small flowers. It is recommended to control the temperature of the greenhouse, keep the temperature within 24°C during the daytime, and the night temperature at 12°C. Try to increase the temperature difference between day and night and control the growth. 3. Chemical control length. When the growth of cowpea is obvious, the quickest and most effective method is to use plant growth regulators. The specific application must be combined with the actual situation to see the trees to control. Under normal circumstances, before the cowpea flowering, 1 bucket of water plus love to receive 1 packet or 1.5 buds for leaf spraying, control trees promote flowers. If it is still prosperous, then one bucket of water is added with 7 grams of diniconazole or half of paclobutrazol. Three days later, if the commander has a good effect, there is no need to spray it again, otherwise it can be sprayed again. In addition, there is a method of “twisting and controlling long†method that the vegetable farmer gropes and summarizes. The method is: when the stem length of the cowpea grows to 1.5 meters high, it is bent 40 centimeters below the growth point of the stem. Note that the beginning of the selection of the stalk's stem segments should not be too low, so as not to cause the stem vines to grow too weak. The diameter of the rim is 13-18 cm. The number of rims depends on the growth of the plant. Plants that grow slightly are more likely to circling. Plants that thrive in excess of vines are circulated on the main vine, and side vines can circulate. Generally, each rim is 2-3. Can be. How to do a good job Master Wang Wang of Dongxia Township, Qingzhou City: I often hear people say that cowpeas are not watered, but I do not know why this is the case. In practical production, how should this be done? Dried flowers and weeds are the experience gained in the management of vegetable farmers. In this regard, the reporters analyzed that if the cowpeas are watered during the flowering period, soil and air humidity will be too high, and pollen and stigma will be stunted, affecting pollination and fertilization, leading to the development of flower buds. Poor or serious drop. The so-called "non-watering" means that from the first week of cowpea flower until the pods sit 4 to 5 centimeters long, this stage should avoid watering, to prevent the nutrient growth of kidney beans, sit hard or fall out. The "dumpling" means that when the bean pods grow to more than 5 cm, watering promotes the growth of the pods. Of course, "dried flowers" is not absolute. If the soil during the flowering season is too dry, it should also be slippery or water-filled to ensure normal flowering and podging of cowpea. In addition, we must pay attention to, in the lower temperature stage, do not water, to prevent the ground temperature drop is too large and cause the root cause. In this period, the method of “pouring small ditch and pouring small water†in winter should still be adopted. Fertilizers should be mainly used to promote the quality of high-quality biological bacterial fertilizers, chitin, alginic acid, etc., such as Dayuan new fast gunners and Ruishen composite biological bacteria. Fertilizer, Hon Hai Bon Thai and so on. After the temperature rises, the amount of water fertilizer can be appropriately increased, and Fang Run (20:20:20) 5-8 kg/mu, or Dayuan Meida 10-15 kg/mu can be used. Kidney bean medicine precautions Kidney beans are inherently delicate and have poor drug resistance, especially during the flowering period, which can easily cause phytotoxicity. Therefore, many vegetable farmers appear to be very cautious in using insecticides against cowpea. In summary, cowpea should avoid the use of pesticides containing pyrimethanil, mancozeb, anthracycline, ethamazole, phoxim and other components during flowering, and copper preparations should also be used less. During the flowering period of cowpea, it is more sensitive to pesticides. Spraying such an agent will not only cause yellowing of the leaves, but also cause flowering and falling down in severe cases. Among them, pyrimethamine has the greatest influence on cowpea flowering. Therefore, when kidney beans are used during the flowering period, care should be taken to avoid the selection of agents containing the above ingredients. In addition, in the use of drugs, it should also pay attention to the chemical concentration of the liquid to be scientific and reasonable, the general flowering should stop spraying, so as to avoid the occurrence of phytotoxicity, resulting in the falling of the kidney beans. The diseases such as gray mold are the main diseases that cause bean sprouts to burn, and to increase the yield of cowpea must be prevented. Most of the gray mold began to invade from the residual flowers, the key to control the gray mold is spent. Plants can be removed by shaking the residual flowers of cowpea to eliminate the pathogenic conditions of pathogen infection, is the first measure of prevention and control of gray mold in legumes. At the same time, the old leaves and diseased leaves at the bottom should be removed in time, ventilation should be strengthened, and no favorable conditions should be created for gray mold. Due to the poor drug resistance of cowpea, it is necessary to fully consider its sensitivity to the medicament when controlling the gray mould. It is necessary to scientifically choose the method of drug application, spraying, smoking and other combinations. In the smoke, you can use Suckerling, sclerotia net, etc., but pay attention to the time of smoking can not exceed 8 hours, the amount of acres should not exceed 200 grams, to prevent medication for too long or overdose, resulting in yellow cowpea leaves . When spraying, the use of moxaine, quick-acting, etc., will select a nozzle with a good degree of atomization, even spraying, so as to avoid the accumulation of pesticides and produce phytotoxicity. Disposable Face Mask,3-layer Disposable Face cover,Anti Dust Face Cover,Kid Disposable Face Mask Dongguan Keyutai Mask Co., Ltd. , https://www.maskkytai.com
Focus on high yield of kidney beans