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Fruit tree bonsai rapid prototyping
As people's living standards have been increasing, the bonsai of fruit trees, which are not only fruitful, but also fruitful, have become more and more popular. Bonsai bonsai requires a slightly thicker base, vigorous form, and fruitful results. However, due to the long time and fruitful bonsai cultivation of fruit trees, according to the author's many years of practice, it takes 2 to 3 years to cultivate. The introduction is as follows. 1. Container selection Containers are most suitable for exquisitely simmered pots. They must be permeable to water and have good air permeability to ensure that the root system grows to meet the oxygen requirements and that the container's stagnant water causes rot. It is generally round in shape, with the root system stretching evenly around it. 2. Grafting (1). Connected. The branches (2--4 branches) were selected as the scions by cutting in winter. Rootstocks can be grafted with unviable or other stunted stocks. Grafting was performed 1 month before the sap flow. Method: Open the center of the smooth incision in the rootstock. About 3 - 4cm deep, obliquely flatten the sides of the scion (branch group) to a length of 2 - 3cm, insert the rootstock rind to align with the formation layer, and then use plastic tape to put the rope upside down and pack it tightly. Tightly, raise the pot on the basin or the ground for 1 year. When planting, use the soil to hydrate the interface. (2). Rooted. The root period was before and after Qingming. To choose a strong, strong resistance to the rootstock, the scion with the old thick pile or shaped sticks. Method: Use the skin tongue to connect, can connect 2 - 4 rootstocks. 3, soil fertilizer water management (1). Prepare basin soil. According to the different needs of fruit trees for soil nutrients, the nutrient soil rich in humus needed for the fruit tree is prepared. Culture soil should be disinfected before use. Such as baking disinfection or drug (sprinkle 1.5% formalin) disinfection and so on. (2). Fertilizer management. Because the roots of the bonsai of fruit trees can only absorb nutrients from the pots and soils, the organic fertilizers in the pots alone cannot meet the needs of fruit tree development. Therefore, the growth period must pay attention to fertilizer and water management. base fertilizer. Schiff base fertilizer should be dominated by organic fertilizers, and chemical fertilizers should be rationally applied. top dressing. Apply 1 quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer before flowering, appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer, about 1kg of fertilizer water per plant; after dressing, perform extra-root fertilizer, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.3% urea can be sprayed every 15 days. One time, spray 3 - 4 times; topdressing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer one month before fruit harvest, Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 60g. (3). Wash basin. Every 2 years, it is necessary to wash the bowl in time and replace the new nutrient soil. 4. Crown control plastic surgery (1). Spraying medicine. During the growth period of the bonsai of fruit trees, foliar sprays of plant growth retardants (such as paclobutrazol, B9, chlormethodine, etc.) 2- or 3-times can make the shoots thick, internode shorter and the plants dwarf. (2). Select tree. The tree shape of the bonsai of fruit trees, according to the different requirements of tree species, species uprightness, sagging, etc., to shape the tree with rich similarities, such as double-branch antler shape, three-branched cup shape, single cliff shape, dragon curve shape , weeping willow and so on. (3). Plastic trim. In summer, it is necessary to timely pick up the hearts, wipe the buds, pull branches, twist shoots, etc., to coordinate the supply of nutrients to shoots and fruits, and promote the differentiation of flower buds. And through the opening branch angle and sparsely cut branches, dense branches and ineffective branches and other methods to enhance the light, the whole tree shape. After grafting to survive the normal growth, in order to enhance the oldness of the bonsai, a few curves can be engraved on the trunk with a grafting knife. During the growing season, wire can be wrapped around the fruit tree branches to fix the desired tree shape. 5, flower and fruit management. When the amount of flower buds is large, fruit thinning should be carried out during the bud period and after the physiological fruit-fall period; if the amount of flower buds is small, more flowers can be left. At the same time artificial pollination. 6, pest control. In the prevention and control of pests and diseases, we must adhere to the principle of "prevention first, prevention and control combined". Especially during the growing season, every 20-30 days, should be sprayed with 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 times, or 65% zein zinc WP 500 times to prevent disease. It can be used to control bonsai hoppers, red spiders, and other pests with 2.5% helium 1800 times liquid and 20% white locust 2000 times liquid.
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