High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Northern Strawberry in South China

High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Northern Strawberry in South China

In the past fifteen years, through extensive strawberry cultivation experiments and production practices, the author has developed a specialized set of techniques that utilize northern-grown strawberry buds—previously differentiated and transported to southern regions. These methods aim to achieve "early maturation, high yield, superior quality, low cost, and high economic value" in strawberry farming. The following is a comprehensive guide to the cultivation technology designed for optimal productivity: First, the selection of early-maturing varieties plays a crucial role in ensuring efficiency. After years of field trials, several varieties such as Fengxiang, Saga, Ghostwurth, Tudla, Ka-Rosa, Sweet Charlie, and Calvina have proven well-suited to the coastal climates of Guangdong and Guangxi. These varieties not only offer high yields and excellent quality but also exhibit early flower bud differentiation, flowering, and fruit ripening. Typically, they can be harvested in large quantities by early December, making them ideal for open-field early cultivation. Second, planting high-quality seedlings is essential. The standard for quality seedlings includes compact plants, no pests, weight over 25 grams, thick stems (over 0.8 cm in diameter), well-developed roots, large green leaves, and full central buds. Whenever possible, virus-free seedlings produced through tissue culture are recommended, as they can increase yields by 15% to 30% compared to non-detoxified ones. Third, timely and proper planting is key to maximizing yield. Planting at the right time ensures sufficient vegetative growth before flowering, leading to robust plants and earlier harvests. In Guangxi's Beihai and Guangdong’s coastal areas, the ideal planting period is from late September to mid-October, when the average daily temperature is around 25–26°C. For higher yields, a double-row triangular planting pattern is used with spacing of 15–28 cm between plants and 30 cm between rows, resulting in about 8,500 to 9,500 plants per acre. Fourth, strict control of planting techniques helps reduce seedling mortality. Proper planting depth is critical—seedlings should be planted just above ground level to avoid root rot or stunted growth. Shallow planting can achieve a survival rate of up to 99.5%. Watering immediately after planting and using shade nets help ensure survival, especially on sunny days. It’s also important to rinse northern-grown seedlings with fresh water before planting to improve their adaptability. After planting, consistent watering is necessary for the first seven days, followed by reduced irrigation once the seedlings resume growth. Fifth, soil preparation involves applying 1,500 kg of compost and 667 kg of compound fertilizer per acre. The soil is then deeply tilled, leveled, and lime is applied in the planting beds and drainage ditches. A fine layer of mulch is added, creating raised beds about 55–60 cm wide and 25–30 cm high. Sixth, plastic film covering is an effective method for moisture retention and weed suppression. It reduces labor and improves plant health. The best time to apply the film is during the middle to late November in Beihai, Guangxi, avoiding both early and late coverage to prevent root damage or poor insulation. Black or silver-black films are preferred, while transparent films are not recommended. Seventh, integrated pest and disease management is vital to reduce costs. Common diseases include leaf spot, powdery mildew, gray mold, and root rot, while pests like red spider mites, aphids, and leaf beetles are prevalent. Prevention and early intervention are key. Crop rotation, resistant varieties, proper planting density, and good drainage all contribute to disease prevention. When needed, low-toxicity, high-efficiency pesticides are used, such as 4000 times diluted World High for powdery mildew, 1500 times diluted Triadimefon, and 3000 times diluted Qi Qi Su for red spider mites. Eighth, proper flower and fruit management enhances fruit quality. Techniques such as light exposure, leaf removal, and foliar feeding help improve color and size. Thinning out small or deformed fruits increases the overall quality and marketability of the produce. Ninth, timely harvesting and post-harvest handling are crucial for maintaining quality and market value. Strawberries should be harvested at 89% maturity, with adjustments made during hot weather periods. Harvesting should occur after morning dew has dried but before the heat of the day sets in. For more information, contact Hebei Mancheng County Lianxing at 13932279186.

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