Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Sterilizer Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Sterilizer,Hydrogen Peroxide Disinfection Machine,Hydrogen Peroxide Sterilizer,Anesthesia Machine Ventilator JIANGSU JIANLAIBANG MEDICAL EOUIPMENT CO.,LTD , https://www.jsjlbmed.com
How to prevent eggplant verticillium wilt
In recent days, Liu Huanjing from Jingjia Village in Tangwang Town, Licheng District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, and Tian Mingliang from Tianjia Village in Yaoqiang Town reported that their eggplants were showing symptoms of yellowing leaves and wilting. They requested on-site inspection and assistance in addressing the issue. On the same day, I visited the eggplant fields of both farmers and observed that many plants had already begun to exhibit yellowing and wilting—clear signs of Verticillium wilt.
Eggplant Verticillium wilt is one of the most common soil-borne diseases affecting eggplants. Once it takes hold, it is very difficult to manage and can lead to severe crop losses. If not controlled early, the disease can spread rapidly and cause widespread damage.
The symptoms typically appear after fruiting begins, with the disease becoming more severe during the fruiting stage. In the early stages, the middle and lower leaves turn yellow or chlorotic, gradually moving upward. This leads to partial wilting of the plant, with some branches and leaves turning yellow and dying off. The fruits may also become soft and unviable. Because of this, the disease is sometimes referred to as "half crazy." In extreme cases, the entire plant may wither, and the leaves dry up, leaving only a pale stem. When the roots and stems are peeled, the vascular tissue often turns brown, which is why it's also known as "black heart disease."
The primary cause of Verticillium wilt is a soil-borne pathogen, mainly *Verticillium dahliae*. The fungus survives in the soil in the form of mycelium, chlamydospores, and pseudosclerotia, often remaining viable for 6 to 8 years. These pathogens usually enter the plant through root wounds or via the radicle and root hairs, spreading within the vascular system. Continuous cropping or poor crop rotation increases the risk, as the pathogen accumulates in the soil over time.
Temperature plays a significant role in disease development. The optimal temperature range for infection is between 20°C and 25°C. If the average daily temperature remains below 15°C for an extended period during the growing season, the disease tends to occur earlier and more severely. However, when temperatures rise above 28°C, the disease is generally suppressed.
Other factors such as heavy clay soils, saline-alkaline conditions, double cropping, excessive nitrogen application, root pruning, shallow planting, transplanting under intense sunlight, and soil cracking can also contribute to the outbreak of Verticillium wilt. Additionally, watering during cold weather can increase the likelihood of infection.
To prevent and control the disease, it’s recommended to apply microbial agents at the time of transplanting—about 20–30 kg per acre. Before the disease appears, you can use "Micro Multi-Purpose" at a concentration of 800 grams diluted 300 times and water it directly into the roots. Foliar sprays should also be applied. Before symptoms develop, a mixture of thiazole zinc (400 times) and natural alizarin "Shu-Feng 481" (6000 times) can be sprayed on the leaves, repeating every 8–10 days for up to two or three applications.
For plants already showing signs of Verticillium wilt, affected roots should be removed promptly. For plants just beginning to show wilting, applying "Micro Multi-Purpose" diluted 300 times or thiazole zinc (400 times) around the roots can help. Alternatively, 50% aluminum chloride (300 times) or 60% aluminum sulfate (500 times) can be used for irrigation. Early intervention is key to limiting the spread and minimizing crop loss.
Next Article
How to prevent eggplant verticillium wilt