Scientific name: Michelia yunnanensis Franch.

English name: Yunnan Michelia

Family: Magnoliaceae, Genus: Michelia

Form: Yunnan Michelia is a shrub that typically grows to a height of 3 to 4.5 feet. It has multiple branches and lacks any hair on its stems. The leaves are alternate, leathery, and shaped like rectangular-elliptic or obovate-lanceolate. They are entire (smooth edges), with a petiole approximately 2 cm long. Both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves are smooth, glossy, and have a reticulate venation pattern.

The buds are covered with reddish-brown hairs, and large bracts encase them. These bracts are densely covered with brown bristles and open slightly as the plant prepares for flowering.

Flowering occurs between February and March, and the flowers emit an extremely strong and pleasant fragrance. The essential oil content is about 0.4%, making it a valuable ingredient in both the food and cosmetics industries.

Origin and Distribution:

Yunnan Michelia, also known as Yunnan Hanxiao, is a species from the Mesozoic era that survived the Quaternary glaciations, earning it the title of "living fossil." Although no true wild populations have been identified yet, it is commonly found in broad-leaved or coniferous forests across the eastern and central Yunnan Plateau, as well as along roadsides and near streams.

It thrives at elevations between 1,100 and 2,300 meters, often growing in mountain shrubs. This plant exhibits strong adaptability and can survive in temperatures as low as -5°C. Therefore, it is often transplanted during winter, particularly in shaded areas, where survival rates are higher.

Yunnan Michelia is highly sensitive to waterlogging, so it prefers slightly dry soil in pots. Maintaining proper drainage is crucial for its survival.

From May to June, when new leaves begin to grow to about 10 cm in length, the plant should be gradually acclimated by placing it in a plastic bag. This helps the plant adjust to external conditions before the bag is fully removed.

Use:

The highly fragrant flowers make it a popular choice for urban green spaces and ornamental planting. The flowers can be used for extracting essential oils, while the aromatic leaves can be ground into powder.

Due to threats such as over-harvesting, livestock trampling, habitat degradation, and natural bark characteristics that attract ants, Yunnan Michelia is often found in dense, twisted, and ancient-looking growths with scars, exposed roots, and broken stumps. These unique features enhance its ornamental value, making it a striking addition to gardens and landscapes.

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