Local high-quality native chickens in China, such as Chong Ren Ma chicken, Xianju chicken, Ningdu yellow chicken, Gushi chicken, Xiaoshan chicken, Sanhuang chicken, Qingyuan chicken, and apricot broiler, etc., have small size, beautiful color, lively and lively. Rough feeding, strong feeding power, strong resistance to disease, suitable for stocking. In addition, the quality of the eggs is good, the meat is tender, the taste is delicious and delicious, and it is deeply loved by consumers. 1. Site selection The selected mountainous area should be free of pollution and must be located away from residential areas, industrial and mining areas, and arterial roads. The environment is quiet and the air is clean. It is better to use a hill with a gentler slope, long shrub forest, thorny forest, broad-leaved forest and so on. There should be clean water sources such as pollution-free streams and ponds nearby. 2. The size of stocking scales should be 1,500 to 2,000 feathers per group. It is inconvenient to manage on a large scale, and the scale is too small to be of low benefit. The stocking density is suitable for about 200 feathers per 667 square meters of land, and the “all-in/all-out system†is adopted. ". 3. Shed structure (1) Selecting a site. To build a shed, one should look for a sheltered area that is sheltered from the wind, has a relatively flat surface, and does not accumulate water. There should be forests or orchards next to it so that when the sun is strong, it is cool to the shade of trees, and there must be a more open area. There is grass, allowing chickens to freely inhabit and feed. There should be water nearby. (2) scaffolding method. General shed width of 4 to 5 meters, 7 to 9 meters long, the middle height of 1.7 to 1.8 meters, 0.8 to 0.9 meters high on both sides. The cover usually consists of 3 layers, from the inside to the outside, the first layer is covered with linoleum, the second layer is covered with straw, and the third layer is covered with a plastic film. On the both sides of the roof and one end of the roof, the film felt is pressed with sand and masonry, and an outlet is opened on the other side of the shed so as to facilitate the personnel and the chickens to enter and exit. It also facilitates ventilation and ventilation. The main frame of the shed should be secure to prevent storms from overturning the shed. In the shed, 2 to 3 storeys are used to house chickens. The number of sheds will be determined based on the number of chickens stocked. (3) laying mat grass. If you do not have a habitat, in order to keep warm, the ground should be covered with some litter. The litter requires fresh, non-polluting, soft, dry, absorbent, moderate length and length, such as hay, straw, sawdust, chaff, small shavings, etc., can be mixed. The litter should be exposed before use, and moldy grass should be singled out. Laying thickness is preferably 3 to 5 cm. 4. Chicken rearing management Chicks feeding and management: (1) The choice of brooding time. In most parts of northern China, it is more appropriate to choose brooding in the spring (February-April). The chickens cultivated in spring grow fast and have a high survival rate. It is the late spring and early summer season when it enters the breeding stage. There are abundant green plants and insects, which can provide high-quality feed for the chickens. The illumination time is gradually shortened during the later period of breeding, which can prevent the chicks from opening up prematurely to ensure proper egg production conditions. Maintain a longer egg production period. The chickens raised in the spring were opened in the fall of the year, the temperature was suitable, the crops and insects were abundant, and the eggs were of good quality. Only one year after the laying of eggs, moulting was stopped in the second year of the year, and the laying time was longer and the egg production was higher. Spring brooding reached the peak of egg production before and after the National Day. Since then, Mid-Autumn Festival, New Year's Day and Spring Festival have increased the demand. After 1 year of production, the chickens can be eliminated. At this time, they meet Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day. The selling price of live chickens is higher. (2) Drink water and eat food in time. After the chicks enter the brooding room, allow the chicks to rest for half an hour to one hour before drinking. The water temperature is preferably about 32°C. Potassium permanganate solution was used for the first 2 days to prevent the chicks from getting rickets. After the chicks drink water, they can rapidly excrete meconium, which can promote the metabolism of chicks and stimulate appetite. After you start drinking, you can start eating and feed easily digestible and nutritious feed. At present, chickens are usually used in conjunction with pellets and can also feed chicks. Feeding should be regular, quantitative, small, and multiple meals. It is advisable to feed 15 to 20 minutes each time. (3) Suitable ambient temperature and humidity. The right temperature is the key to the success or failure of brooding. When the chicks hatch, the temperature in the hatchery should be 37.5°C. After the chicks are transferred from the hatchery to the brooding room, the temperature should not be too different. The suitable temperature for each stage of the chicks was 1 to 2 instars 43 to 35°C, 3 to 7 instars 34 to 32°C, the second week 30 to 28°C, and the third week 28 to 26°C. Humidity requirements: Relative humidity in the first week is 70% to 75%, and it drops to 60% in the second week. After the third week, it should be kept as much as 55% to 60%. Excessive humidity is conducive to the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, and it is easy to induce coccidiosis; the humidity is too low, the house is dry, the chickens breathe faster, the body water is distributed with the respiratory tract, and the remaining yolk in the abdomen is poorly absorbed, which affects the development of the chicks. The water basin can be filled with water to evaporate naturally to achieve the purpose of humidification. (4) Timely grouping. The young and young should be fed in groups in time. Weak and sick chicks can be singled out during the first feeding in the morning. When the food is caught, weak young chicks are often squeezed out and easy to distinguish. The diseased young children should be treated in time for isolation, and the heavier ones should be eliminated immediately. It is one of the important measures to obtain good brooding effects by constantly observing chicks' mental status, appetite, activity and feces. (5) Grazing training. Young chicks are generally kept warm in about 5 weeks. After warming, it can be transferred to the mountains for stocking. To help the chicks develop the habit of going uphill as soon as possible, from the time they start to turn off the mountain, they will start mountain training every morning. In general, two people are required to cooperate. One person blew a whistle in front to open the way and sprinkle pellets to feed the chickens. The other one was used to drive away with bamboo rafts until they were all uphill. To intensify the effect, whistling on the mountain at noon every day, and the keeper should insist on rushing out of the chicken in advance in the shed, and control the range of flock activities until the evening and use the same method to return home. Training. Such training for 5 to 7 days, the chickens will establish a "whistle-feeding" conditioned reflex, as long as the whistle call can be. (6) Place pasture fences. The grazing land should be based on the grazing level of the management personnel to determine whether the fence. The fence net can be used with a net of 2 cm 2 cm. The net height is 1.5-2.0 meters. Growing period of feeding and management: This period is characterized by fast growth of chickens, strong appetite and increased feed intake. This stage is fed by grazing combined with supplementation, so that the body is fully developed and plump, which lays the foundation for late fattening.
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Local chickens' free-range technology