According to the theoretical analysis of filtration and filtration practices, the main factors affecting filtration are as follows:
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1. When the temperature is filtered, the temperature of the suspension is low, the viscosity is large, and the filtration speed is slow. The viscosity of the liquid is an exponential function of temperature, which decreases with the increase of temperature. The temperature rise is the simplest and effective measure to reduce the viscosity, but the temperature Too high, easy to make oil oxidation, hair oil filtration temperature generally does not exceed 70 degrees.
2. The impurities in the operating pressure oil are mostly incompressible impurities, the operating pressure is strong, and the filtration rate is also large. If the solid matter suspended in the oil is composed of colloidal substances, the gap in the filter cake becomes smaller as the pressure increases. The filtration resistance gradually increases and the filtration speed drops rapidly, so the pressure must be determined according to different conditions.
3. The concentration of the suspension is large, and the amount of filter residue is large, so that the effective filtration time in each operation cycle of the batch production is shortened correspondingly, which affects the output. For the operation of the continuous vacuum filter, the filter cake generated when the concentration is large is relatively uniform. And easy to clean up in time, has little effect on production.
4, filter media and filter aid filter media selection affects the degree of clarification of the filtered grease, and whether the unloading cake is smooth. The filter media used in the grease industry is mostly woven media. Commonly used 20 yarns 5-8 strands of canvas, Twill cloth and ordinary white fine cloth and other cotton fabrics. Also used are 130#, 240#, 260#, 261# polyester filter cloth and 828# dimension nylon filter cloth and other chemical fiber products. The number of warp and weft strands is used for crude oil filtration, and the number of shares is small. For essential oil filtration, for some high-demand filtration, a layer of white cloth or flannel should be covered on the outside of the coarse filter cloth. In addition, stainless steel wire woven filter screen is also used, 30-40 hole/cm filter for hair oil. Filtration, 140-180 hole / cm filter for decolorizing oil filtration.
For suspensions containing more colloidal particles, the addition of filter aids can effectively increase the filtration rate. Especially for some process limitations, it is not possible to use a suspension system that increases the temperature filtration. The application of filter aids is of great significance. When oil is used to prepare edible phospholipids, diatomaceous earth is added as a filter aid; in dewaxing, it must be filtered at a lower temperature, and the effect of the filter aid is more obvious.
Main factors affecting filtration