The whole growth period of potato can be divided into six periods: dormant period, germinating period, seedling period, hair growth period, potato growth period and mature period. Dormant period: Newly harvested potato tubers must germinate after a certain period of time under suitable conditions. This period is a dormant period and this phenomenon is dormancy. In the production, when the stems and leaves decayed and harvested, they were considered to enter the dormancy period, and the length of the dormancy period was calculated from the ripening of the tubers to the number of days that the buds began to sprout. The length of the dormancy period is determined by the characteristics of the species and the temperature of storage. Germination period: The dormancy is released from the seed potato, and germination begins at the buds, until the seedlings emerge as germination period. Seedling stage: from the emergence to the eighth leaf or the sixth leaf flattened to the seedling stage, also known as the sacred tree. Hair stage: The growth of the main stem is completed and the growth of lateral stems and leaves is started. A cap leaf (16th leaf or 12 leaf flattening) is formed from the masses to the main stem for hair growth. Potato phase: When the main stem grows and begins to grow laterally, the stem and leaf grow. When the dry matter content of the stem and leaf and tuber reaches equilibrium, it enters the tuber stage where tuber growth is dominant. Maturity: When 50% of the plant's stems and leaves are yellow, they enter the mature stage. At this point, the ground and underground parts of the potato have stopped growing. The management of potatoes at the seedling stage is critical. The main measures are: 1. Timely soil protection and seedling conservation. Most of the potato field soil is yellow loam soil, large soil particles, poor water holding capacity, and rapid evaporation of soil moisture. At present, the dry soil layer is 10 to 15 centimeters, while the potato seed potato is about 10 centimeters in size and will be affected by drought after emergence. For such seedlings, the seedlings should be ploughed in shallow soil in a timely manner, cover the soil layer thickly, cut off the soil capillary, slow the evaporation rate of water, extend the survival time of the seedlings, and try to preserve the seedlings. Coverage time is controlled at 30% bud top soil. 2. Timely fertilization to promote strong seedlings. There are some nocturnal soils in high altitude areas, which are mostly of loam type, with small soil particles and strong soil water retention capacity. At present, soil moisture content is better. After the emergence of such plots, about 10 kilograms of urea should be topdressed, and the seedlings should be quickly raised to ensure strong seedlings. The fertilization method is applied to the seedlings, and then cultivating and earthing. 3. Foliar spraying anti-transpiration agent. After fully spreading the potato leaves, the anti-transpiration agent can be used for foliar spraying. Anti-transpiration agent can form a protective film on the surface of the blade to slow the evaporation of water. Anti-transpiration agent can use sodium bisulfite, humic acid, calcium chloride, fulvic acid (FA), triadimefon, crown ether, etc., according to product specifications. 4. Check seedlings to replant. For plots with less than 30% seedlings, crops such as early-mature corn and clouded soybeans can be planted. Through intercropping between crops, land use efficiency can be improved, losses can be reduced, and profits can be increased. If there is effective rainfall soon after emergence, it can also be cut from the underside of the axillary branches of the normal potato plants on rainy days to reduce seedling deficiency. 5. Underground pest control. Potatoes are vulnerable to underground pests after sowing and in the seedling stage, resulting in rotten seedlings and seedlings. Therefore, it is necessary to draw up a plan to prevent and control underground pests. The underground pests are mainly ground tigers. For under 3 instar tigers, 40% phoxim 800 times or 2.5% deltamethrin EC can be sprayed. The frequency of the ultrasonic energy meter is 1 megahertz (1 million Hz / s), the direction is accurate, and the penetration is strong. Through the three major effects of sound waves (mechanical, warm, physical and chemical effects) on various parts of the human body, to achieve the role of massage relaxation. Ultrasound Treatment, Healthcare Ultrasound, Medical Ultrasound, Therapeutic Ultrasound Shenzhen Guangyang Zhongkang Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.szlighttherapymachine.com
Potato seedling management points