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Orchard Management Methods and Techniques in August
**Apple Tree Care in Mid to Late August:**
1. **Pruning:** Focus on trimming young and long branches to encourage balanced growth. Remove sparse, shaded, or overlapping branches, as well as those affected by pests. This improves air circulation and light penetration, helping to control excessive branching and promote the formation of flower buds.
2. **Soil, Fertilizer, and Water Management:** Keep the orchard soil loose and free of weeds. For late-maturing apple varieties, apply a 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution along with calcium fertilizer to support fruit development and quality.
3. **Harvesting:** Harvest medium-maturing apple varieties at the appropriate time for optimal flavor and texture.
4. **Pest Control:** In mid to early August, spray 68.75% Yibao wettable granules diluted 1200 times or 50% Ethylene wettable powder diluted 800 times, combined with 25% diflubenzuron 1200 times, to prevent diseases like ring rot, leaf spot, and pests such as the golden grain moth and cotton bollworm. In mid to late August, use a 1:2:180 Bordeaux mixture or 30% Peach Lingzhi (Ling) diluted 1500 times to manage similar issues.
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**Pear Tree Care:**
1. **Harvesting:** Harvest mid-season pears such as Balsam, 20th Century, August Crisp, Cuifu, Yuxishui, and Red Perfume. Late-maturing varieties are also approaching maturity.
2. **Branch Management and Fertilization:** Open up the canopy by pruning sapling branches and controlling nitrogen fertilizers while applying phosphorus and potassium. Apply base fertilizer to early-maturing varieties, using 150–200 kg per tree for 6–10-year-old trees and 200–300 kg for older ones. Avoid using Bordeaux mixture before harvest to prevent fruit surface contamination.
3. **Pest and Disease Control:** During mid-August, spray 20.06% Wanxing EC 2000 times or 50% EC WP 600 times, along with 2.5% Baoduo EC 2000 times or 52.25% CCTV EC 1500 times, to manage pear fruit borer, yellow mealybug, whitefly, black spot, and other diseases. Pay special attention to bagging techniques for pest control. In mid to late August, use 75% mancozeb 800 times or 50% carbendazim 600 times mixed with 52.2% farmland 1500 times and 20% cyanourea 6000 times. This is the last time Bordeaux mixture is used, so ensure thorough protection against black spot disease, especially for Han Pear. Tie grass around the trunk to trap overwintering pests and burn it later.
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**Grape Cultivation:**
1. **Top-Dressing and Drainage:** Apply 20–25 kg of diammonium phosphate and potassium fertilizer per 667 square meters, ideally before or after rain. Ensure proper drainage to avoid waterlogging before fruit ripening.
2. **Pest and Disease Control:** In mid to late August, spray 80% Mancozeb 800g or 80% M-45 fluid to control white rot and anthracnose. Use 52.5% DuPont Fast & Clean 2000–2400 times for downy mildew, especially after rain. In late August, apply a 160-times dilution of Bordeaux mixture.
3. **Fruit Development:** Once fruits begin to color in mid-August, remove old leaves that block sunlight to improve fruit quality. Harvest according to market demand.
4. **Summer Pruning:** Continue topping and removing tendrils to maintain vine structure and promote better fruit exposure.
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**Peach Tree Maintenance:**
1. **Pest Prevention:** At the beginning of August, control aphids, leaf curl insects, and leaf moths using DuPont Fuxing 10,000 times or 50% Wanwenning WP 800–1000 times. In mid to late August, combine 2000 times of Sweeper with Zinc 500 times, plus 40% water-soluble phosphoricinate 1500 times, and 1.8% Avermectin 5000–6000 times (for spider mites), plus 50% Vinynone 800–1000 times or DuPont EPC 1500 times to manage leaf miners, whiteflies, and fruit rot.
2. **Fertilizing and Watering:** In late August, when fruit enters rapid growth, apply top dressing with phosphorus and potassium. For trees aged 3–5 years, apply 1 kg per tree; for older trees, 1.5–2 kg. After fertilizing, water appropriately. Spray 0.2–0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on both sides of the leaves.
3. **Pruning:** Early in the month, remove back branches, competing branches, diseased branches, and dense branches. Before and after summer, open up young trees by spreading branches to encourage flower bud differentiation and full bloom.
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**Winter Jujube Tree Care:**
1. **Preventing Physiological Fruit Drop:** Manage intercropping crops carefully. Spray 5–10 times of nitric acid or anti-drop agents, along with 0.2–0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in early August.
2. **Pest Control:** Use 90% Wanling 3000 times plus 1.8% Abamectin 3000–4000 times or 9.5% Dichlormia 4000–5000 times to control red spiders and other pests. For *P. carachinae* and cotton bollworms, use 4000 times solution or Baode. Prevent jujube rust with azole-based pesticides every 7–10 days, especially after rain. Use agricultural streptomycin or Jia Du Bang Wan Xing EC 2000–3000 times, or add DuPont Fuxing 8000–10000 times to manage fruit diseases. Remove fruitworms manually, tie grass around main branches and trunks to trap overwintering pests, and clear fallen leaves and dead fruits.
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**Pomegranate Tree Care:**
1. **Water Management:** Water timely during dry periods and drain excess water after rain to prevent root suffocation and maintain root health.
2. **Weeding and Soil Cultivation:** Keep the soil loose through regular weeding to promote root growth and expand the root system.
3. **Disease Control:** Spray 80% ultra-micro carbendazim 600–800 times to control dry rot and other diseases.
4. **Shade Removal:** Remove shaded shoots, such as long and competing branches, to improve air circulation and light penetration within the tree canopy, ensuring better light transmission throughout the crown.
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Orchard Management Methods and Techniques in August