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First, the correct treatment of the relationship between reproductive and environmental conditions Spirulina The most important conditions for breeding Spirulina is light, temperature, culture fluids and ventilation. The pH, depth, flow, oxygen, and reasonable supply of nutrient elements are all important factors affecting production. Therefore, the culture tank should be built in a place where the water quality is good, the light conditions are suitable, and the site is wide. The pH value range is 7 to 11, preferably 8 to 9; the water depth is 0.2 to 0.3 meters; the water temperature is 18 to 38 degrees Celsius , It is best at 26 °C ~ 32 °C.
Second, choose the appropriate species to breed The current domestic and foreign production of the main culture species is Spirulina platensis (originated in Africa Chad Lake) and Spirulina maxima (original production in Mexico). Chinese algaeologists discovered a natural variant strain of spirulina suitable for temperate growth in the coastal area of ​​Huanghua City, Hebei Province. The strain was identified as Spirulina platensis strain 6 (S6). China imported Spirulina platensis strain 1 (S1) from Chad. Spirulina ST-6 strains and Spirulina subsalsa are also cultivated. These varieties (strains) can be selected according to local conditions. S6 ~ 6 is suitable for growth in northern China, and Spirulina sulpharia is an alga species that adapts to high temperature, salt water and seawater reproduction.
Third, from the actual situation, using different breeding methods
1. You can purchase “Spirulina Family Culture Instrument†for home breeding, and you can also choose enamel pots (preferably white) or cylinder pots, but aluminum pots cannot be used. The scale of cultivation should be based on the amount of spirulina used annually. If a basin with a diameter of 36 cm is used, 12 children need 1 child, while 1 adult needs about 20 people.
2. Simple breeding mainly refers to the simple equipment, the breeding pool can be drawn on the spot, as long as it does not leak water on the line. The pool is 30 cm deep and the area should be as large as possible. It can be calculated as 1.5 square meters for an adult.
3. Natural lake culture Spirulina is originally a primitive algae that naturally grows in salt lakes. The use of natural lake culture is the most primitive and economical production method. Its equipment requirements are very low. It is only necessary to invest in snoring and processing. The fertility of the lake can be restored naturally. However, due to spirulina's special requirements for light, temperature, pH, etc., not all lakes can be cultured, but should be selected through experimentation, research, selection of lakes suitable for their reproduction (such as China's Yunnan Province, Chenghai Lake, etc.) for aquaculture.
4. The factory farming equipment is advanced, the scale is magnificent, and the requirements are strict. At present, the aquaculture pond is better equipped with a racetrack oval cement pool, and the breeding area is preferably 15,000 square meters as a unit. Open cultures can also be used, but also closed production. Open cultivation is a near-natural production method. It is divided into freshwater and seawater. Most culture ponds are designed to be recyclable. They are agitated by a mixer. The depth of the culture fluid is 15 cm to 25 cm. Daylight is used as a light source and heat source. . Closed production refers to a method of production of Spirulina planted in a closed bioreactor using natural light or artificial light. Specifically, they can be divided into natural light sources (natural light bioreactors) and artificial light sources (artificial light bioreactors).
Fourth, to master the key technology of spirulina cultivation Spirulina nutrients needed In addition to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, the largest demand is the carbon source (CO2). The main nutrient solution formula is baking soda, salt, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium nitrate, calcium chloride, iron sulfite and so on. Its production process: algae cultivation pool (original species) → first-level cultivation → secondary culture → production pool → harvesting → washing → dehydration → spray drying → sterilization → inspection → packaging → storage → pharmaceutical grade, food grade (or Dehydration → natural drying → feed grade).
At present, the most common domestic formula is zalk (g/L): baking soda 16.8, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, sodium nitrate 2.5, salt 1.0, iron sulfite 0.01, magnesium sulfate 0.2, potassium sulfate 1.0, crystalline calcium chloride 0.04 . However, there are differences in water quality, climate, and temperature throughout the country, and the formula can be adjusted accordingly.
5. Prevention and Control of Spirulina-Bearing Harmful Organisms There are many types of contaminating organisms in the culture of Spirulina. The species that are most at risk are those that can rapidly multiply in the algal fluid. For example, large rotifers can directly devour algal cells. The secreted metabolites have a great toxic effect on the algal cells. Predator-prey organisms should be given priority to prevention, and pollution should be strictly prevented. Algae's growth advantages and quantitative advantages should be maintained. Algae's growth should be maintained, and algae species should be separated, preserved, and supplied; at the same time, they must be promptly completed. Prevention work can be used to remove large enemy predators by filtration methods. Drugs can be used to suppress or kill predator organisms, and environmental conditions can also be used to suppress or kill predators.
Spirulina cultivation techniques
Spirulina is an ancient photoautotrophic microalgae. This ancient marine organism is not only nutrient-rich, comprehensive, and balanced, but it is a veritable nutrition champion. It has strong adaptability, short growth cycle, rapid reproduction, and high yield. Artificial breeding benefits are excellent and the prospects are very broad.