The color of corn in early spring has good mulching film cultivation

Caidai corn is very popular in the market in recent years. It adopts the technology of mulching film covering in early spring, which has the functions of increasing temperature, keeping moisture, keeping fertilizer, preserving seedlings, increasing yield, reducing pests and weeds, and promoting corn early maturity, increasing production, and increasing income. In the early spring, the corn film cultivation of color glutinous corn generally increases production by more than 150 kilograms than that of the uncovered film, and it can also provide a good price for selling in the morning market (about around June 20).

First, the fine soil preparation and basal fertilization choose flat land, deep soil, loose soil, irrigation convenience, good fertility conditions of the land. There must be enough water in the bottom of the plot to fill the plots with insufficient moisture. Deep plowing 23 to 27 centimeters, leveling the land, repeatedly smashing, repressing and protecting the plutonium, reaching the ground level, soil cotton, squatting enough, and virtual deficiency. In order to increase the yield and quality of glutinous maize fresh spikes, base fertilizer should be mainly farmyard manure, with 3,000 kilograms of high-quality farmyard manure and 6 to 7 kilograms of diammonium phosphate as base fertilizer, combined with one-time application before sowing, if centralized fertilization is used. It works better.

Second, selection of varieties, film selection Shicai Yi No. 1 corn, this variety is selected from the Shijiazhuang City Academy of Agricultural Sciences Maize Breeding Research Institute of colored waxy new varieties of corn, the quality of a national standard. In the early spring, plastic film with a width of 60-70 cm and a thickness of 0.007-0.008 mm (or 0.005 mm ultrafine film) may be suitable for mulching cultivation; if the corn is intercropped in early spring, a width of 50 cm may be used for corn. .

Third, the appropriate time sowing when the soil plough layer 5 to 10 centimeters when the temperature stabilized at 10 °C can be sown. The specific time in central Hebei is March 15-20. First, make sure that the mulch film is well laid and reseeded when the ground temperature stabilizes at 10°C or more after 3 to 5 days. According to the size of row planting, wide line 80 cm, narrow line 40 cm, 30 cm spacing, seeds 2 to 3 seeds per hole, sowing depth of 3 to 5 cm, generally about 3500 acres of seedlings. In order to prevent the occurrence of underground pests, 50% phoxim can be used to sow seeds at a seed weight of 0.1% to 0.2% before sowing. With 20% triadimefon 150 ~ 200 grams of water 1.5 ~ 2.5 kg, seed dressing 50 kg, to prevent the occurrence of head smut.

Fourth, to ensure that the quality of the film before the cover film to the surface of the front of the residual scorpion residue, straw, stones and other debris removed clean, breaking the soil, so as not to scratch or top the mulch. In the early spring, film-cultivated corn should adopt a wide and narrow row for flat planting. Sowing planters are planted in the wind to reduce wind force and prevent the removal of membranes. When the film is covered, it must be of good quality. According to the requirements of strictness, tightness, flatness and wideness, the mulch film should be stretched and stretched. The film should be laid flat and laid evenly, and a shallow ditch should be opened around the film to compact the film with soil. Pressure strict, in order to prevent the strong wind to lift off the film, causing losses. Care should be taken to avoid excessive pressure on the membrane side to maximize the width of the membrane surface, to increase the width of the surface, and to increase the efficiency of the membrane.

V. Strengthening field management

1. Covering the membrane. After sowing, if there is damage to the place where the film is damaged, it is necessary to seal it with fine soil in a timely manner. In particular, the opening of the seedling is liable to be lifted by the wind, and special protection must be strengthened.

2. Play 杈 杈 蘖 蘖. Shi Caijing No. 1 emergence will produce tillers 20 to 25 days and should be promptly removed to ensure the normal growth and development of the main stem.

3. Reasonable irrigation, top dressing. According to the water requirement law of mulching corn, the water should be controlled in the early stage so as to help increase the temperature of the soil and prevent leggy shoots and premature aging. Mid-term transpiration increased, water consumption increased, to increase the amount of irrigation. But do not flood flooding, or soil moisture is too large, not only easy to cause disease, but also make root breathing blocked, affecting nutrient absorption. With the increase of precipitation in the later period, the amount of irrigation should be appropriately reduced. Shi Caijing No. 1 early spring mulching cultivation general irrigation period irrigation 3 to 4 times, each irrigation volume of 40 to 50 cubic meters per mu. According to corn growth conditions, soil moisture conditions, weather conditions, etc., generally every 20 to 25 days irrigation 1 water. In the jointing stage and the big bell-mouth period, combined with irrigation to top-dressing, ditching or digging a hole 10 cm away from the corn plant, applying urea 16 to 18 kg per acre. With zinc sulfate 100 ~ 150 grams of water 50 kg foliar spray 1 ~ 2 times to meet the needs of corn for zinc, can prevent white mosaic disease. In addition, spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 times, each time the amount of 100 to 150 grams of water 50 kilograms, improve the straw lodging resistance.

4. Spraying corn robustsin and implementing scientific control. Maize shoots can make the corn plants dwarf, enhance photosynthetic efficiency, delay aging, high lodging resistance, early maturity, and increase yield. There are two points that must be mastered when spraying: First, grasp the spray period. Generally, 5 to 7 days before the tasselling at the end of the corn big bell, the tassels of individual early-onset strains of the field population have been exposed; the second is to strictly control the spraying concentration. Generally spraying 25-30 ml per mu water 30 kg, with the use of the same, evenly sprayed on the upper leaves of the plant, not heavy spray, no leakage spray, to prevent the use of high concentrations, resulting in phytotoxicity.

5. Control pests and diseases. In the big bell-mouth period of corn, the phoxim particles can be used to irrigate one time, which can effectively prevent the damage of corn borer and cotton bollworm. It is forbidden to use pesticides to prevent pesticide residues and affect the quality of fresh corn.

6. Harvest timely. Generally, the best harvesting period is 23 to 25 days after pollination by the ear. After harvesting, it should be sent to the processing plant for processing and listing in time to increase economic efficiency. After corn is harvested, the old mulch must be completely picked up to purify the soil and protect the farmland ecological environment.

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