The third of shrimp culture technology

The third of shrimp culture technology

Measures and Recommendations for Improving the Yield of Green Pond Cultured Prawn in Recent Years With the deepening of the research on the growth characteristics, nutritional requirements, and pellet feed of the shrimp, the shrimp culture has developed into a “low input, high output” high efficiency breeding model. , And achieved a good demonstration of the promotion effect. Due to the late start of aquaculture in Anhui Province and the Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places, the technology is not mature enough and the yield is low, which seriously affects the farmers' benefits. Therefore, how to effectively increase the yield has become an urgent task.
First, the cause of the low yield of fresh shrimp
1. Aquaculture ponds are not standardized. First, poor pond water quality, single pond area is unreasonable, pool water depth is too shallow or too deep, and second, pond silt is thick, slope ratio is small, clear pond is not complete, and enemies are many; third, inflow and outflow are not strictly filtered, and no attachment is provided. Objects or transplanting aquatic plants.
2. Improper timing, size, and density of seedlings, often results in the formation of “several generations of fellows” in the pond, with small commodity sizes and low market rates.
3. Feeding management technology can not keep up. The first is water quality management. Since water quality controls the degree of water body fat and dissolved oxygen, it can be adapted to the growth needs of the shrimp. However, in most farmers, only knowing that cultivating freshwater requires high dissolved oxygen in the water and neglecting water quality. "Fat, live, cool" three elements; Second, feed selection and application is irrational, in the breeding of rice bran, cabbage and other mixed mushy feeding, there is no match with animal feed, feed utilization is low, and easy to deteriorate water quality.
Second, measures to increase the yield
1. Renovate pond conditions
(1) The area, shape and depth of the pond are generally 3 mu - 5 mu. The rectangle is appropriate. The depth of the pond is required to be about 1.2m. If the water level is too shallow, the temperature difference between day and night will change greatly. If the water depth is too deep, the vertical dissolved oxygen in the water will differ. Large, not conducive to the growth of shrimp.
(2) Pond clearing. To remove excess silt, the sediment is kept at about 10cm, and the slope of the pond is trimmed at 1:2.5-1:3 so that the shrimp can feed at night. If it is a old pond, it is best to bring clear ponds to kill predators such as yellow locusts and loach.
(3) Transplant aquatic plants. If there is no aquatic grass in the breeding pond, aquatic plants such as water peanuts and Vallisneria can be transplanted. The transplanted area accounts for about 30% of the pond area, and the transplanted location is generally 2.0m long from the pond and is in a long strip shape. Aquatic plants can both purify water and avoid hostilities. Green feed can also be provided.
2. Adjust water quality and increase dissolved oxygen in water
(1) Apply fertilizer timely. It is the key to grasping both the "fat" and "living" water quality, specifically "fat two heads, clear middle". "Fat two-headed" refers to the stage from shrimp seedlings to juveniles and late autumn. "Clearing the middle" refers to the high-temperature period of August-September, requiring fresh water to prevent oxygen deprivation. Fertilizer can be used as compound fertilizer with dosage of 5kg/mu -10kg/mu.
(2) timely water injection. Less water is added during the initial period of cultivation and during the latter period of cultivation. Water is added during the middle period of cultivation. Adding fresh water can increase the dissolved oxygen, nutrients and trace elements in the water, increase the appetite of the shrimp, and reduce the concentration of metabolic poisons and prevent pool water from aging. When water is added, the water should be filtered to prevent the enemy from entering the pond with the water.
(3) timely adjust the pH of the water body. The lime is splashed twice a month and the pH of the pool water is maintained between 7.0 and 8.0 to facilitate the growth of the shrimp clams.
3. Improve stocking mode and adjust stocking density
(1) Improve stocking mode and adjust "family generations". Due to the rapid growth of shrimp, the majority of fish farmers rely mainly on stocking and holding eggs, adopting self-cultivation, self-breeding, and self-support. This farming method is extensive farming. Although it is convenient and practical, it is difficult to control the breeding density and it is easy to produce “several generations of the same. "Tang", the market size of fresh shrimp is not uniform, and the yield is not high. Therefore, to increase the yield and efficiency of shrimp production, it is necessary to adopt extensive farming as the intensive cultivation, change the stocking and holding of the shrimp to stocking the shrimp, and change the amount of shrimp to two. Shrimp and other technical measures.
(2) Adjust the stocking density and increase the listing size. The high stocking density of shrimps not only results in the killing of shrimps when there is insufficient feed, but also results in low yields and small commodity sizes; the stocking density is too low and the water use efficiency is low. The stocking density should be 40,000/mu - 50,000/mu.
4. Feed structure adjustment, scientific feeding of freshwater prawn as omnivorous animals, breeding of two freshwater prawn in one year has two peak feeding periods, namely April-May and August-October, June-July For the growth of young shrimp during the breeding season, the food intake will decline and the above characteristics will be grasped to facilitate scientific feeding.
(1) Select pellet feed. At present, a variety of commercial feeds can be used to feed fresh shrimp. However, fresh shrimps have different levels of feed and utilization for various commercial feeds. The animal feeds that the shrimps like to eat include snails, fish meal, and fish gills, and the feeds for the crops include bean cakes, rice bran, bran, and the like. Most farmers use the mixed mash feed such as vegetable cakes and rice bran, which has low utilization rate and is likely to deteriorate water quality. Therefore, green prawn intensive, the best use of pellet feed, and animal feed more than 30% is appropriate.
(2) Reasonable feeding. Green shrimp like to feed along the pool at night, and can observe the feeding conditions of the shrimp. Generally, they are fed twice a day. The amount of feed in the morning accounts for 30% of the total feeding amount in the day and 70% in the evening.
5. The timely removal of wild fish After a period of cultivation, a small amount of wild fish may appear in the pond. If it is not cleared in time, the wild fish competes with fresh shrimp and consumes dissolved oxygen in the water.
Third, the proposal
1. The best choice for the green shrimp seedlings is in the large-scale waters with the size of 150/kg--200 tails/kg. The broodstock with the same degree of shrimp development is screened, and hatching and nursery are centralized to make the shrimps of the same size.
2. With the deployment of fresh shrimp, one pond must be thrown in one-off quantities, which cannot be supplemented and supplemented, resulting in irregular seed specifications and the risk of unfavorable growth of shrimps such as killing each other.
3. Some hidden objects must be set in the pond. It is best to plant plants in the bottom of the pond. The plants are parallel to the pool and set into strip shapes. Each strip has a width of 1.0m. The total area of ​​the pond is about 30% of the pond area. .
4. Strictly prevent the occurrence of "Sweet Green Shatha" in shrimp ponds. The following two methods can be used to remove the shrimp ponds. First, the bamboo rafts are used manually to reach the downwind position, and the water is discharged from the outlet of the drain. The second is to dilute with copper sulfate. The sprayer is sprayed gradually and the drug concentration must not exceed 0.5 ppm.
Muping,Agricultural Service Station, Taoxin Town, Wuhu County, Anhui Province, 241100
Zhu Renbao, Fisheries Supervision and Administration Station of Wuhu County, Anhui Province

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