Cultivation Techniques of Bulbous Fennel

Cultivation Techniques of Bulbous Fennel

Bulbous fennel, also known as fennel, is a variant of the fennel species of the genus Umbelliferae. It is native to southern Italy and is mainly distributed on the Mediterranean coast and West Asia. It is an imported plant in China. The fennel is surrounded by layers of leaf sheaths and forms a flat spherical, crispy "bulb," which can be used for frying and salad. The young leaves are used for stuffing, seasoning and platter decoration. The stems and leaves of fennel contain special aromas, which can increase appetite and have the functions of warming the stomach, stomach, warm stomach, spreading cold, and containing rich amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. In recent years, a small amount of plants have been planted in Chuanshui townships in my county. They are used in hotels, restaurants and festivals to pack gift foods, and are popular with people.

I. Characteristics of bulbous fennel

Bulbous fennel is a shallow rooted vegetable with many fibrous roots and is slightly deeper than the leaf with fennel roots. The root groups are distributed in soil 7-10 cm above the ground. The horizontal distribution range is only about 20 cm, and the absorption area is small; stem shortening is "Bolllets", height and width of about 10 cm, about 6 cm thick; leaves 2-4 backs deeply lobed, lobes filiform, smooth; compound umbels, flowers golden yellow. Double-hanging fruit, long oval, gray, seeds about 3 grams weight. Bulbous fennel has strong adaptability, and it is both cold-resistant and heat-resistant. It grows quickly and is late in bolting. Its yield is high. It can produce 8000 kilograms per acre, and the fertility period is about 50 days. The cultivation of autumn and winter sunlight greenhouses is not strict with the requirements of temperature and light, and it is the first choice of economic crops for cultivation in rural greenhouses. It has the characteristics of small risk and high yield.

Second, the type and variety of bulb anise

1. Shallow spherical type: green leaves, vigorous plant growth, flattened bulbous base of leaf sheath, pale green, outer leaf sheath relatively erect, left and right shortened stems evident, outer leaf sheath not affixed to ground, bulbs small, single ball Quality 300-500 grams. Both varieties imported from the Netherlands and Italy in the earlier period belonged to this type, with strong disease resistance, early maturing, and suitable for close planting. Greenhouses and open fields can be planted.

2. Round spherical types: Plant height, leaf color, and oblate spheroid are not significantly different. The "bulbs" are compact, white in color, and they resemble fists in shape. The leaf sheaths are shortened and constricted. The cohesion is extremely tight. It not only expands to the left and right, but also enlarges significantly before and after. The lateral leaf sheaths are close to the ground and prone to sclerotiasis in low temperatures. The ball is large, with a single ball mass of 500-1000 grams, suitable for planting in greenhouses, and the density should not be too large. The model F1 introduced by France belongs to this type.

Variety selection: Planting bulbous fennel in the solar greenhouse should choose bulbs with beautiful appearance, low temperature resistance and low light resistance, such as some mid-early maturing varieties in the Netherlands.

Third, planting seedlings and planting

1. Pre-broadcast preparation: The ground should be flat, high ground, well drained and drained. Apply 3,000 kg of organic fertilizer, 30 kg of compound fertilizer, and thoroughly mix with the subsoil. After the leveling of the surface, the foot is applied again, and then the bottom water is poured. After the water seeps, a layer of sieved fine soil is sprinkled. In general, seedlings per acre need 25-30 square meters of seedbed and 100 grams of seed.

2. Sowing: Solar greenhouse cultivation in autumn and winter applied in mid-July, soaking with cold water one day before sowing, then placing in a cool place to germinate, 5-6 days after the bud out evenly spread on the seedbed, covering 1 cm Thick sifting fine soil, cover the shade net sunscreen.

3. Seedling management: One week after sowing, the seedlings can be seeded, and the seedlings should be poured into small water once to ease the seedlings, remove the shade net, and then cover a layer of thin soil about 0.5 cm thick. When there are 1-2 true leaves, the seedlings need to be covered with a shade net to prevent high temperatures during the seedling stage, and care should be taken to prevent rain erosion. When there are 3-4 true leaves, the second time the seedlings are 6 cm square, pay attention to cooling ventilation. The use of seedlings for seedlings can eliminate seedlings, save seeds, and cultivate healthy and strong seedlings at one time, and they do not slow seedlings and grow fast after planting.

4. Colonization: One day before planting, the seedbed is poured once to make water, so as to facilitate digging seedlings the next day. When the seedlings are dug, they must bring bandits and less roots. In mid-August, colonization was carried out. Before planting, 1,000 kg of decomposed cyclamen were applied per acre combined with turning land, and planting was conducted in sunny afternoon or cloudy day. Due to the underdeveloped root system of fennel, the arid land is used for flat rakes, lightly turning 15-20 centimeters to make rakes; the deep ditch sorghum is made of rainy water, and the rake is about 1 meter wide. When spreading, first remove two centimeters thick from the rake. The topsoil was piled on both ends of the crucible, spread evenly after being leveled, and then evenly covered with the topsoil removed. If the soil is dry, it must be watered and hoeed before sowing. After soaking, it should be sown. After sowing, it must be suppressed. The average planting density per acre is 5000-6000 strains, and the row spacing is 2550 centimeters. Watering the seedlings in time to ease the seedlings. The greenhouse planting should not be too dense, otherwise it is prone to decay of bulbs.

Fourth, field management

1. The fennel can be seeded 7-10 days after sowing. The fennel seedlings grow slowly and should be removed in time to prevent grass shortage.

2. Appropriate temperature before and after emergence of fennel 20 °C -28 °C, night 10 °C -15 °C, after emergence to the daytime 15 °C -20 °C, about 10 °C at night, the minimum to maintain 4 °C -5 °C. Below this temperature, it is prone to frost damage, and it grows worse than 25°C. Ventilation should be enhanced and ventilation should be stopped when the temperature drops below 15°C.

3. After pouring the water for planting, it needs to be watered 1-2 times. Watering depends on the growth condition. Before the bulbs begin to swell, it is necessary to control the water. After the bulbs begin to swell, they should be watered more to promote bulbous growth.

4. Seedlings after planting 7-10 days, until the seedling height of about 30 cm (7-8 leaves) when the first top dressing, Mushi biological compound fertilizer 10 kg. When the bulbs began to expand, the top dressing was applied for the second time, and the dosage was increased by 30% from the first time. The third time the bulb is rapidly inflated, the top dressing is applied for the same amount of time, and each time is flushed with water.

V. Harvesting

When the bulb fennel grows to more than 250 grams, it can be harvested. The time to market bulbous fennel can be adjusted according to market demand. Properly reducing the temperature of the solar greenhouse can delay the market time for bulbous fennel by 15-30 days. After harvesting bulbous fennel, it is required to cut the root plate, remove the yellow leaves, and leave about 5 centimeters of the petiole in the upper part of the bulb, and all other parts are cut off.


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