Promote flower and fruit

Promote flower and fruit

(1) The circumcision and circumcision of red pomelo pomelo cambium have strong regenerative ability. Using reasonable girdling or circumcision can promote young trees and prosperous trees to grow long and bear fruit.
1 ring cutting, ringing time. The circumcision and girdling time are generally controlled from late November to early December. The time and degree of girdling are different due to the local climate and the differentiation of flower buds of red-fruited pomelo. Pinghe 260-400 meters above sea level in the red pomelo grapefruit garden in the plain area should be circumcision in mid-November, and 400-600 meters above sea level should be in the mid-levels. In late November, elevation above 700 meters should be in mid-December. If it does not rain for two months or one month from November to December, or if the soil is dry, different measures should be taken for different tree ages and tree vigor. Ring-cutting objects are generally the result of debilitating trees, and girdling should be applied to both the initial result tree and the vigorously growing adult tree. Generally, trees above 10 years of age are best not to be girdled. If the pomelo tree grows well in the spring of the following year and the spring shoots are vigorous, it can be cut in a circle around the main branch branch about 5 days after the flower is cut. The tree of 6 to 10 years old depends on the tree vigor. The tree vigor is circumscribed in the main branch (with a width of no more than 0.3 cm). The tree-ring medium-circle cuts twice. The tree vigor is neither circumcision. Nor is it cut. The initial result tree is circumscribed at 1.0 cm from the ground (above the grafting site), the width is generally not more than 0.3 cm, or 0.2 cm is not peeled to facilitate healing. Low-lying areas or low temperatures in winter in the 0 ~ -2 °C area, it should be left to a rough degree of about 3 cm of lateral branches without girdling.
2 girdling width. It is generally controlled at 0.3-0.5 cm, and it can reach 0.6 cm for particularly prosperous trees. Protect the upper and lower incisions during girdling, and require the incision to be smooth, regular, and not broken. The girdling area is generally 10 to 20 cm from the ground. The higher the circumcision site, the weaker the healing ability and the smaller the width of circumcision.
3 ring mouth protection. Immediately after circumcision, the wound was treated with 70% thiophanate-methyl 400 times to prevent resin and other bacterial infections. One month after the circumcision, no later than the second half of the following year, the protection of the ring is applied. Choose 1 part of fresh cow dung, 2 parts of clay, 200 parts of thiophanate-methyl, stir well and make it into a mass. If it is found that the smearing material falls off within 1 month, the callus above and below the ring is not healed, and it should be resealed in time and wrapped with a plastic film to ensure that the wound heals.
4 girdling tree cultivation management points. Timely top dressing and picking leaves. After girdling, it is not appropriate to spray pine alkali mixture in winter, but it can be carried out 15 to 20 days before girdling; it is not appropriate to deep-deep the soil in winter, and it is better to shallow plough (outside of 10 cm), combined with organic fertilizer; it is not suitable to apply fertilizer, especially urea , It is suitable to use extra-root fertilization, once in 10 days after girdling, once in 10 days, 2 or 3 times in succession. Fertilizers were selected as high potassium type high 500 times solution, green wang No. 2 1000 times solution, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 400 times solution, and 10% magnesium sulfate plus 0.6% urea. When the spring shoots are sprayed, they are sprayed 1 times on the green wolfberry No. 1 1000 times liquid, and then sprayed once a day for 10 times with a high-nitrogen type high-lore 500 times liquid, which can be combined with pest control at the same time. During the period of shearing, spring shoots were removed from the erect shoots with a length of 30 cm and a thickness of 1.5 cm, or five leaves were picked from the heart to promote the spring shoots as soon as possible, turning green and early filling, and reducing the first physiological fruit drop.
After the girdling, the pomelo trees that did not heal normally after wound healing were wounded in the upper and lower phloem of the original excision wound with a sharp knife. The green wound 95 liquid was applied to the new wound, and the green wind 95 was mixed with 10 times liquid, and then used. The mixed soil fills the wound and is finally wrapped in plastic film. At the same time, the top of the canopy was topdressed twice, separated by 10 days.
(2) Application of paclobutrazol The use of plant growth retarder paclobutrazol for chemical regulation, combined with necessary cultivation measures, has significantly promoted flower bud differentiation, fruiting and fruiting, both for the vigorously growing primary fruit tree, Wangchang tree, and Shengguoshu. effect. After spraying, it inhibits the growth of winter shoots, strong tree vigor, dark green leaves, short spring shoots, large amount of flowers, good flower quality, high fruit setting rate, and low fruit cracking, generally increasing production by 10% to 20%. High efficiency.
1 spraying period, concentration. The first fruit trees and long-lasting fruit trees are sprayed one at a time in late October to early November, mid-late to late December, and early December. The first one used 450-600 mg/kg (150-200 g of 15% paclobutrazol powder for 50 kg of water) and the second 500 mg/kg (167 g of 15% paclobutrazol powder for 50 kg of water). The results of tree barge's result tree and the result of fruit picking in late October were sprayed once in mid-November, with a concentration of 450-600 mg/kg (150-200 g of 15% paclobutrazol powder and 50 kg of water).
2 precautions. Do not spray “90%” within 1 month after spraying. Weak trees, old trees, and severe drought orchards should not be sprayed. Spraying trees should be used to make appropriate fertilizers and shoots.
(3) Thinning and thinning fruit and red fruit and honey. The pomelo flower is more fruitful and fruitless. In the flower bud stage, there are plans to manually conserve the spikes and buds, which can reduce the unnecessary consumption of nutrients in the tree and make the nutrient relatively concentrated. Flower organ development creates conditions for good flower development, robust flowers, and high fruit setting rate, which can improve fruit quality and increase yield. The fruit thinning of trees with a large amount of fruit can promote the concentrated supply of nutrients, reduce tree load, promote fruit development, and have important significance for improving the quality of fruits and commercial value. Red pomelo pomelo has no seeds, which is more serious than other nuclear species. It must adopt fruit protection measures. One of the key measures for this early results, high yield, and high quality cultivation techniques.
1 Sparse flower. Sparse flowers can follow the principle of “remove zeros, stay weak, stay strong, and go to the end and stay in the middle”.
Sparse spikes: Generally, before and after rain, most flower buds have a diameter of about 3 mm. Sparse flower stems from the parent branch and tail, leaving only the middle 1 to 2 spikes robust inflorescences. Remove sporadic spikes before this. Trimming can also be used to remove fine and weak fruiting branches and leafless flowering branches. According to the size of the crown, the tree vigor chooses the number of spikes. Generally, a large number of flowering trees can retain 80 to 120 spikes of robust spikes per plant.
Sparse flower buds: Before buds exposed white (flower buds about soy beans, about 10 days after flower spikes). Keep normal and healthy buds, pay attention to choose the right mix of early, middle and late flowers. Usually a flower bud has 9-12 flower buds, leaving only 2 to 3 buds in the middle, and the others are removed. One result leaves only 1 spike on the mother branch and leaves 3 buds, leaving 2 spikes for 2 buds. After sparse buds, the nutrients of the tree body can be concentrated to supply the left buds, which promotes large buds, good flower quality, and high fruit setting rate after flowering.
2 thinning fruit. Thinning fruit can be performed after the 2nd physiological fruit drop (ie from late April to early May). First sparsely deformed fruit, weakly small fruit and landed fruit, retained the same size and more uniform fruit. Leave 1 to 3 fruit on each result branch. Grasp the early results tree stay more, the weaker trees stay less or do not stay, strong branches stay more, weak twigs stay less, light fruit stay more, shade shelters stay less, stay in the fruit more, stay less up and down. Controlling the yield of individual plants to prevent excessive fruiting causes premature aging of tree vigor. The fruit thinning not only improves the fruit setting rate, but also promotes the rapid growth of the fruit left, improves the quality of the fruit, and improves the fruit's commercial value.
3 fruit protection. Strengthen the management of fertilizers and water, increase the level of nutrient accumulation in the tree, prevent abnormal defoliation in winter, eradicate winter shoots in time, and reduce nutrient consumption. The amount of tree-storage nutrition in autumn and winter of the previous year directly affects the flower bud differentiation and the quality of floral development.
While thinning and thinning the fruit, new shoots on the delicate spring shoots and resultant mother shoots can be cut. Red pomelo grapefruit spring shoots a large amount of suction, generally in the last year on the autumn shoot can be drawn out 4 to 5 spring shoots, should be sparsely erect Wang long shoots and thin weak shoots, diseases and insect shoots, cross shoots, touching the shoots and so on. In general, each year last year, the spring shoots are left with 1 or 2 spring shoots, leaving a total of 1/3 to 1/2 of the spring shoots. When the spring shoots grow to 20 centimeters, they are picked up to make them turn green. Timely eradicate shoots of summer shoots sprouted from the beginning of summer to the end of summer, and every 6-8 days to prevent shoots and flowers from competing for nutrients.
At 2/3 of the Xiehua, 1 to 2 laps are closed at the base of the main branch or "S"-shaped ring cuts, or spiral wounds are cut 2 rounds, with a distance of 4 to 5 cm. The initial result of the small amount of flowers is prosperous and the tree can be slightly girdled. The width is preferably 0.2-0.3 cm.
Do pest control work. Flowering, young fruit science, rational use of pesticides. In the Xiehua 2/3 when spray 5000 times Fengpin (Inner Mongolia), 0.3% urea, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% borax mixture to prevent the first physiological fruit drop. After the first physiological drop, 10 to 20 mg/kg gibberellin, 0.3% urea, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% borax, and 0.3% magnesium sulfate were sprayed to prevent the 2nd physiological fruit drop.

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