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Peony old management points in autumn>
If a peony that is over a hundred years old is properly cared for in the fall, it can ensure timely blooming and vibrant flowers. Therefore, autumn care should focus on several key aspects:
First, managing fertilization and watering is essential. Due to its thick wood and slow nutrient transport system, an old peony cannot handle concentrated fertilizers. It's important to apply fertilizers in small amounts and avoid using strong solutions. During dry seasons in autumn and winter, overwatering can cause root damage because the fleshy roots are unable to absorb excess moisture. This may lead to yellow leaves and no blooms the following year, and prolonged overwatering could even kill the plant.
In the fall, the amount of fertilizer should be reduced by half compared to summer. Switch from inorganic to compound fertilizers, and consider using organic fertilizers slowly or stopping them altogether. Since peonies develop new roots in the fall, a well-established root system during this period is crucial for successful bud development and flowering the next season.
As the ground becomes more humid in autumn, it’s difficult to apply additional fertilizers. Using a top dressing of compound fertilizer is the best option. This helps replenish nutrients, promotes healthy root growth, thickens stems, and ensures sufficient reserves for bud development.
From autumn through winter, it's important to limit both water and fertilizer. A small amount of cake fertilizer or microbial fertilizer (such as bean cake, fish, shrimp, or shellfish) can be applied by digging around the roots about 30 centimeters away to loosen the soil. Peonies are drought- and cold-tolerant, but if fertilization isn’t controlled, late autumn and early winter temperature drops may stimulate leaf growth, leading to weak buds that are vulnerable to sudden cold snaps. This can negatively affect the blooms the following year. Therefore, observing the plant’s phenological changes is vital when managing fertilization and watering in autumn and winter.
Second, garden cleanup and pruning are necessary. In winter, peony leaves stop growing and enter dormancy. Old peonies usually go dormant earlier than regular ones. If there is heavy rain in the fall, the ground becomes moist, and fallen leaves can create a breeding ground for diseases like gray mold and leaf spot. It’s important to clear all dead leaves promptly, dispose of them properly, and clean drainage channels to prevent waterlogging during winter, ensuring the plant survives safely.
Also, prune any diseased, broken, overlapping, thin, old, or leggy branches. Through strategic pruning—such as thinning, shortening, and cutting back—you can extend the lifespan of the peony. This allows better air circulation and light penetration, reducing the risk of pests and diseases while maintaining strong growth and lush foliage.
Third, soil cultivation is important. As winter approaches, dig into the soil to mix the topsoil with deeper layers, repeating this process several times to loosen the soil and improve aeration. Remove weeds, eliminate pest eggs, and incorporate leftover organic fertilizers, compound fertilizers, and microbial fertilizers for reuse. This helps reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, creating a healthier environment for your peony to thrive.
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Peony old management points in autumn