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Scarlet Oxalis, also known as Oxalis safflower, is a perennial herb belonging to the genus Oxalis. It typically grows to a height of 15 to 25 cm, with a spherical stem and strong vegetative reproduction ability. The leaves are long-stalked, trifoliate, and palmate in structure, with an inverted heart-shaped appearance and a small depression at the tip. The flower stems measure 10 to 15 cm in length and emerge from the base, forming umbels with 12 to 14 flowers. Each flower has five pink to dark pink petals, featuring longitudinal slits. The flowering period begins in early April and lasts until mid-November, with peak blooming occurring in July.
First, biological characteristics:
1. Temperature effects on growth: Native to South America and Brazil, Scarlet Oxalis prefers shaded and moist environments and is not cold-tolerant. Over the past six years of cultivation, no freezing of bulbs has been observed. In winter, some stems may become soft, and a few leaves turn yellow, but most remain green. Growth is most vigorous from April to May and again from late August to late October, while it slows down during the hot summer months.
2. Light effects on growth: As a high-light plant, Oxalis sinensis thrives under full sunlight but can also grow in partial shade. However, it develops more robustly and produces more flowers when exposed to full sun.
3. Water effects on growth: This plant prefers a humid environment and performs poorly in dry conditions. It can tolerate short-term waterlogging, making it somewhat adaptable to varying moisture levels.
Second, rapid propagation test:
In our city, the grass does not form tubers. The primary propagation methods are through bulbs and cuttings. The conjoined stems of Oxalis sinensis can be divided into three types: mother bulb, bud bulb, and leaf bulb. These bulbs have the ability to divide directly, with diameters ranging from 2 to 2.5 cm. They have residual leaf marks and latent buds that can develop into new bulbs. Bud bulbs are smaller, about 0.5 to 0.8 cm in diameter, and grow on the mother bulb. Leaf bulbs are larger, around 1.2 to 1.5 cm, and can flower. When they grow, they become the parent bulb. Experiments show that the propagation coefficient of single bulbs is high, producing an average of 15 to 17 bulbs per bulb. The survival rate of bare bulbs and those planted in soil is similar, but bulb propagation yields the highest efficiency.
According to the experiments, there was no significant difference in the survival rate of S. oxyphylla cultivated in different periods, but bulb size and type varied. Propagation is mainly done in spring and autumn. To increase the propagation coefficient, bulbs can be split into 2 to 6 lobes depending on their size. Two-year-old bulbs can produce 20 to 30 new plants, with high survival rates and fast growth. Plants can bloom within about one month after propagation.
Third, cultivation and management:
Oxalis can grow in general soils but thrives best in fertile, loose, and well-drained sandy soils. During the hot season, its growth slows down, and it becomes semi-dormant. Apply organic fertilizer once a month during the growing season and ensure timely watering. Note: Oxalis is prone to spider mites. If left unchecked, this pest can cause yellowing, wilting, and reduced flowering, which affects its ornamental value. To control pests, you can spray 40% omethoate diluted 1000 to 1500 times, or use 0.2 to 0.3 degrees lime sulfur solution and acaricides.
Fourth, viewing characteristics and applications:
Scarlet Oxalis offers many advantages, such as low growth habit, orderly arrangement, multiple leafy flowers, long flowering period, colorful blooms, quick ground coverage, and weed suppression. It is ideal for flower beds, walkways, open forest areas, and woodland edges. Large-scale planting or grouping patterns create a striking visual effect. Additionally, it can be potted to decorate public squares, indoor balconies, and serve as excellent Material for garden trimming.
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