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Method for controlling eggplant bacterial wilt
1. Crop rotation is recommended, especially with solanaceous crops, and it's best to implement a rice-upland rotation system for 1 to 2 years. This helps reduce the buildup of soil-borne pathogens and improves overall crop health.
2. Grow disease-free, vigorous seedlings to enhance plant resistance. Avoid using seedlings from previous solanaceous crops. Before sowing, spray the seedbed with 50% carbendazim diluted 1000 times. Using nutrient cups or bags for seedlings can significantly lower the risk of infection. The day before transplanting, treat the seedlings with 1000-fold diluted methyl thiophanate to minimize disease transmission.
3. Prepare the planting soil by deep plowing and exposing it to sunlight. For fields with a history of heavy disease incidence, apply ammonium bicarbonate for soil disinfection. After the first watering, spread 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre evenly on the soil surface, cover with plastic film for 5–7 days, then remove the film. Combine this with soil improvement by applying 50–100 kg of lime per acre to improve soil structure and disinfect.
4. Improve field management by watering frequently with small amounts to avoid waterlogging. Apply sufficient base fertilizer, preferably well-decomposed organic manure, and balance nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium during top-dressing. After the first fruit harvest, apply 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or other foliar fertilizers. Regularly cultivate the soil to promote root development and maintain good aeration.
5. Promptly remove diseased plants from the field and either bury them deeply or burn them. Remove the surrounding soil around infected plants and apply lime to prevent the spread of disease.
6. Chemical control should be applied at the early stage of disease. Use 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate diluted 400 times, or Agricultural Resistance "401" diluted 500 times, or 50% DT 500 times combined with 14% ammonia solution diluted 300 times. Apply 0.3 to 0.5 liters of the solution per plant, repeating every 10 days for 3–4 applications. Always follow safety guidelines when handling chemical pesticides.
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