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Regulation of Agaricus bisporus size cultivation techniques
Due to the rapid growth in the production of Agaricus bisporus, mushroom output has significantly increased, but the market's demand for specific sizes remains strict. This has created challenges for growers, as buyers typically require fresh mushrooms with a diameter between 2 and 4 cm. These requirements heavily influence production strategies, affecting both farmers' profits and their motivation. As the planting season approaches, it's crucial to focus on managing mushroom head size effectively. Here are some practical tips based on my experience.
First, selecting the right strain is essential. In Guangxi, the commonly used strain is "As2796," which is a large-sized hybrid known for its adaptability, strong resistance, and high yield. However, this variety often doesn't meet the size standards preferred by buyers. If there's an order contract in place, it's advisable to Switch to smaller strains like F56 or F62. Although these varieties may produce slightly less, they result in a higher proportion of mushrooms that meet the required size, which is more valuable in the market.
Second, adjusting the thickness of the soil covering directly impacts mushroom size. The process works like this: when the covering layer is too thick, the mycelium becomes dense and less likely to form knots. Once knots start forming, the surrounding hyphae receive nutrients and moisture, leading to larger mushroom heads. To prevent this, you can reduce the covering thickness from the standard 3–5 cm to 2 cm. This encourages more mycelial twisting and budding, creating competition among the fungi and reducing the likelihood of oversized mushrooms.
Third, controlling the temperature within the greenhouse plays a key role. The ideal growing temperature is usually between 15°C and 20°C. Raising the temperature by 1–2°C can accelerate bud development and increase fruiting body volume. This helps keep most of the mushrooms at a lower level, preventing them from growing too large and ensuring a better harvest quality.
Fourth, harvesting at the right time is crucial. Don’t wait until the mushrooms are fully matured. Early harvesting, even if it seems to reduce yield, actually improves the quality and marketability of the product. It prevents smaller mushrooms from consuming excessive nutrients, which could lead to uneven growth. In the long run, this approach not only maintains but can even boost overall profitability.
By implementing these strategies, growers can better align their production with market demands, ensuring higher returns and greater satisfaction in the Agaricus bisporus industry.
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