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Rice field raising green shrimp technology and methods
The practice of raising fresh shrimp in rice paddies offers a sustainable and profitable approach that benefits both the environment and agricultural productivity. This integrated farming system not only enhances the ecological balance of the paddy fields but also increases overall yield and income for farmers. It's an innovative method that holds great potential for future development. Here are the key technical points to consider when implementing this system:
First, selecting the right location is crucial. The field should be close to a water source, have good drainage and irrigation facilities, and feature fertile soil. After preparing the land by plowing and leveling, it's necessary to dig a shrimp trench—about 2 meters wide and 1 meter deep—at one end or in the middle of the field. Additionally, smaller channels, 1 meter wide and 0.8 meters deep, should be constructed to connect with the drainage system. These structures help maintain clean, stable water conditions and prevent wild fish from entering.
Next, timing and proper stocking are essential for maximizing survival rates. Shrimp seedlings are typically introduced about a week after planting rice. It's recommended to use young shrimp that have been raised in hatcheries, with a density of 2,000 to 5,000 per kilogram. Stocking at a rate of 10,000 to 1.5 million per acre ensures optimal growth. The best time to stock is during early morning on cloudy or sunny days. Distribute the shrimp evenly across the water area to avoid overcrowding, which can lead to low oxygen levels and stress.
Feeding is another critical aspect. Start feeding immediately after stocking using a combination of bran, soybean cake, or commercial pellet feed. Supplemental food such as snails, small shellfish, and fish scraps can also be provided to enhance nutrition. Feed twice daily, with the main meal in the evening. The amount should be around 2% to 4% of the shrimp’s body weight, adjusted based on weather, season, and feeding behavior to ensure healthy growth.
Effective management is vital for success. Regular water changes are necessary to keep the water clean, especially during hot summer months. Even when rice is growing, maintaining a stable water level in the shrimp ditches is important for their health. Pesticide use should be minimized, and if necessary, only low-toxicity, environmentally friendly options should be used, applied carefully to avoid harming the shrimp. Lastly, monitor and remove predators like frogs, snakes, and water rats that may threaten the shrimp population.
With careful planning, strict adherence to technical guidelines, and consistent management, rice field shrimp farming can achieve excellent results, with yields ranging from 20 to 30 kg per acre. This method not only boosts productivity but also supports sustainable agriculture.