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Six Methods for Energy Saving of Agricultural Diesel Engines
To improve the performance and efficiency of agricultural diesel engines, several key maintenance and operational adjustments should be made. First, it's important to raise the temperature of the cooling water. In many cases, the engine’s cooling water is below 45°C, which can prevent proper combustion. This low temperature increases oil viscosity, leading to higher resistance and greater fuel consumption. Raising the cooling water temperature helps ensure smoother operation and better fuel efficiency.
Second, maintaining the correct fuel injection timing is crucial. For a 195 diesel engine, the optimal fuel supply advance angle is between 16° and 20°. Over time, wear on the plunger and injection pump components can cause this angle to decrease, resulting in late fuel delivery and increased fuel use. Regular checks and adjustments are necessary to keep the timing at its optimal level.
Third, preventing oil leaks is essential. Leaks often occur due to uneven joints or damaged gaskets. To fix this, you can apply valve paint on a glass plate to flatten the gasket, or calibrate the tubing connections. Another solution is to install a diesel recovery system. Instead of using a hollow screw, you can replace it with a bicycle spoke cap or connect a plastic tube from the nozzle back to the tank, ensuring that return oil is properly collected.
Fourth, many engine failures before starting are caused by issues in the fuel supply system. A good solution is to let purchased diesel settle for 2 to 4 days before use, which allows 98% of impurities to settle at the bottom. If you're using fresh fuel immediately, place two layers of silk or toilet paper over the fuel strainer to filter out any remaining particles.
Fifth, avoid the common practice of "using a big engine to pull a small pump." This inefficient setup wastes energy. The improvement involves increasing the number of pulleys on the diesel engine, allowing the pump to operate at a higher speed even when the engine runs slower. This enhances flow and lift power while saving energy.
Lastly, adjusting the injection pressure of the injector is vital. For the 195 diesel engine, the ideal injection pressure is 120 ± 5 kg/cm². If the pressure drops below 100 kg/cm², fuel consumption can increase by 10–20 grams per kWh. This pressure can be checked or adjusted directly using a comparison method to ensure optimal performance.
By following these steps, you can significantly improve the efficiency, longevity, and reliability of your agricultural diesel engine.
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