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Which aspects should be grasped in the winter management of the rose
Winter plant management is a critical period for both ground-grown and potted plants, especially for roses. Proper care during this time directly affects their growth, blooming, and overall health in the following season. Here are four key areas to focus on during winter.
First, careful pruning is essential. As temperatures drop below 5°C in late autumn and early winter, it's time to remove dead or weak branches, crossing or overlapping limbs, and any other unhealthy parts. Prune based on the plant’s strength: for weak plants, cut back two-thirds of the growth, leaving only 3–4 main branches that are 1–3 years old, with about 20 cm at the base to concentrate nutrients. This method works well for potted roses. For moderately growing plants, trim half of the main branches, ideal for varieties that flower easily. For small to medium-sized healthy plants, use light pruning to avoid excessive nutrient loss. Always use sharp tools, make clean cuts just below the bud (about 1–1.2 cm), and keep lateral buds to encourage good air circulation and shape. Remove all cut branches and fallen leaves, and spray the plants with lime sulfur to reduce disease and pest problems next year.
Second, fertilization should be done after pruning. For ground-planted roses, dig an annular trench around the roots and add 250–300 grams of cake fertilizer, along with 500 grams of chicken or duck manure, or 2500–3000 grams of fermented mud. This provides the necessary nutrients for growth and flowering. For potted plants, remove them from the pots, shake off some soil, trim any rotten roots, and repot them in fresh, loose soil. Add 50–100 grams of roasted cake fertilizer to meet their needs for the next season.
Third, protecting plants from cold is crucial, especially in northern regions. Ground-grown roses should not be heavily pruned in winter to avoid damage from dry wounds; instead, wait until late spring before trimming. Potted plants can be placed together in a sheltered, sunny spot, possibly under a plastic tunnel, to prevent the soil from freezing. If the soil remains frozen for too long, it can harm the plant’s growth and flowering in the future. If keeping plants indoors, ensure the greenhouse temperature doesn’t exceed 4–5°C to allow proper dormancy.
Lastly, propagation through cuttings is a great option for easy-to-root rose varieties like 'Elizabeth', 'Moon Yuehong', 'Fenghua', and 'Mini'. Take thick one-year-old branches and cut them into 10–12 cm sections. Make the lower cut just below the node, and plant them in yellow soil up to 4/5 of the depth. Only leave one bud above the soil. After watering, cover the cutting bed with a plastic film, securing it tightly. In cold weather, add a layer of insulation to prevent frost. By spring, the cuttings will heal and develop roots, ready for planting.
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