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Improve management of breeder fertility
First, the breeder's age should be appropriate. Generally, breeders between 200 to 400 days old have a higher fertilization rate. After 60 weeks of age, the quality of the rooster's semen tends to decline, and the hen's egg production also decreases, which ultimately leads to lower fertility rates. It's important to maintain an optimal breeding age to ensure better reproductive performance.
Second, the quality of the rooster's semen must meet certain standards. Healthy roosters produce semen that is milky white in color and has a creamy texture. Any deviation from this—such as a pink or reddish tint, presence of blood, feces, or urine, or overly transparent semen—indicates poor quality and should not be used. In addition, the semen should have a high concentration of sperm and strong motility to maximize fertilization success.
Third, it's essential to ensure that the hen's reproductive tract is healthy and free from disease. Some hens may lay eggs regularly, but due to physiological issues or underlying health problems, their eggs may not become fertile even after insemination. These infertile hens should be identified and removed from the breeding program to maintain overall fertility rates.
Fourth, proper insemination techniques are crucial. The amount of semen per chicken should not exceed 0.4 ml. Insemination is best done between 3 to 4 pm, as this time often yields better results. The interval between inseminations should be 5 to 7 days; too long or too short an interval can reduce fertility. The depth of insertion should be about 1.5 cm into the oviduct. Also, the semen should be used within 30 minutes of collection, with shorter times being more effective. Lastly, having skilled technicians and assistants is key to ensuring successful insemination procedures.
Fifth, environmental factors play a significant role. The storage time of eggs should not be too long—ideally 5 to 7 days in summer and 7 to 10 days in other seasons. It's advisable to avoid insemination during hot weather, as high temperatures can negatively affect both the viability of the semen and the hen’s ability to fertilize eggs effectively. By managing these factors carefully, breeders can significantly improve the overall fertility rate and breeding efficiency.
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Improve management of breeder fertility