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Muscovy Duck Artificial Hatching Technology
The female Muscovy duck, commonly known as the meat breed, starts laying eggs at around 5 months of age. Each egg typically weighs between 70 to 80 grams. After laying 20 to 30 eggs, the mother duck will instinctively sit on her nest, and about 35 days later, she will hatch the eggs. Following this, she can continue laying eggs for an additional 10 to 15 days. On average, a single Muscovy duck can produce 50 to 80 ducklings per year. For large-scale breeding, artificial incubation is highly recommended.
When using artificial hatching methods, it's important to provide the female duck with proper care and handling. A well-cared-for Muscovy duck can lay between 180 to 260 eggs annually. Here are some key steps for successful artificial hatching:
1. **Temperature and Humidity Control**:
During the first 15 days of incubation, maintain a temperature of 38.5°C to 38°C. From day 16 to 30, gradually lower the temperature to 38°C to 37.5°C. The humidity should be around 60% in the early stage, 50% during the middle, and increase to 60%-70% in the final days and during hatching.
2. **Egg Turning**:
Turn the eggs frequently, ideally every 2.5 hours, resulting in approximately 180 turns per day. Additionally, manually turn the eggs twice daily to ensure even development.
3. **Cooling the Eggs**:
Avoid cooling the eggs in the early stages of incubation. However, during the middle phase, cool them once, and in the late stages, cool them 3-4 times to help the ducklings develop properly.
4. **Spraying Water**:
During the middle to late stages of incubation, spray the eggs with warm water (around 35°C) to maintain moisture. After spraying, allow the eggs to dry slightly before placing them back in the incubator.
5. **Ventilation**:
Ensure good air circulation by using ventilating fans inside the incubator. Proper ventilation is especially crucial in the later stages of incubation. If needed, slightly open the incubator door to improve airflow.
6. **Assisted Hatching**:
When the ducklings reach 35 days of incubation, they begin to break out of their shells. In cases where they struggle, assist them gently to improve the hatching rate.
7. **Seasonal Incubation**:
During spring, summer, and autumn, you can use a solar-heated water bag incubator, which is cost-effective. This method only costs about 2 cents per 1,000 eggs, making it a sustainable and economical choice for small-scale breeders.
By following these detailed techniques, you can significantly improve the success rate of artificial hatching and maximize the productivity of your Muscovy ducks. Whether raising them for meat or eggs, proper care and attention during the incubation process are essential for healthy and strong ducklings.
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