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White cucumber cultivation technology
White cucumber is a variety of cucumber, and the following are the main cultivation techniques currently used:
1. Apply base fertilizer to high-yield farmland, using 5000 kg of well-rotted farmyard manure per 667 m², along with 50 kg of NPK compound fertilizer and 20–50 kg of superphosphate. The fertilizers should be evenly distributed and incorporated into the soil to a depth of about 25 cm. The field should be properly prepared, with a bed width of 1.1–1.2 meters.
2. Timely sowing is essential for healthy growth. In the Huang-Huai River region, spring planting can begin in mid-March, while autumn planting should take place between mid-June and late July. Seedlings can be raised using sawdust or other suitable media, ensuring good ventilation, insulation, and moisture retention. Strong seedlings should have a stem thickness of about 1 cm, short internodes, leaf petioles around 10 cm long, and 4–5 true leaves that are fully unfolded. The crown should be green, not sharp, with thick white roots and strong, healthy growth.
3. Proper plant density is crucial for maximizing light utilization. With strong growth potential, plants should be spaced at 30 cm between rows and 60 cm between plants, resulting in approximately 3,700 seedlings per 667 m².
4. Scientific pruning helps improve yield and quality. In spring cultivation, the heart is usually not removed during the early stage. Once the main vine reaches the top of the trellis, it is pinched back. For high-yield crops, the "one main and two sides" pruning method is recommended, allowing even distribution on the trellis and better light exposure, which enhances nutrient synthesis.
5. Effective management of water and nutrients is vital. During the growing period, careful control is needed to ensure vigorous growth and early fruiting. Watering should be controlled early on to avoid excessive vegetative growth, which may delay fruit setting. During the flowering stage, focus on controlling growth, while promoting fruit development during the fruiting phase. Top dressing should be done frequently but in small amounts. After root harvesting, apply urea (8 kg per 667 m²) or ammonium bicarbonate (20 kg per 667 m²), alternating with irrigation to maintain stable production and high yields.
6. Pest and disease control is important for healthy growth. Common diseases include downy mildew, anthracnose, and powdery mildew. These can be managed with fungicides such as Dazomet, Mancozeb, Metalaxyl, and Triadimefon. Insect pests like aphids, melonworms, and thrips can be controlled using insecticides like Dimethoate, Buprofezin, Trichlorfon, and Beta-cypermethrin.
7. Harvesting should be done when the cucumbers are tender and before the seeds and skin harden. Delayed harvesting affects quality and reduces the yield of subsequent fruits, especially for root cucumbers. A typical yield is 3,000–4,000 kg per 667 m².
By following these techniques, farmers can achieve higher yields and better-quality white cucumbers.
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White cucumber cultivation technology