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After the greenhouse nectar sheds should be carefully managed
In the first step, it's important to prepare the peach trees for warming. Once the trees have met their cooling requirements, they can be gradually warmed to help them break dormancy and start sleeping. In areas south of 34°N latitude, where leaves fall later, the dormancy period is delayed. Trees that require 600 hours of cold exposure can be warmed up in early January. For regions north of 36°N, using advance sheds during the day and exposing them at night can help induce early dormancy. After the cold period, as temperatures begin to rise, the next steps can begin.
Second, fertilization and irrigation are crucial. Before warming, water the entire greenhouse thoroughly. If the trees are weak or lacked nutrients in the fall, apply 0.2–0.5 kg of compound fertilizer per tree. To control growth, you can also apply paclobutrazol at 0.5–1 g/m² (15% concentration), followed by watering. Once the topsoil is no longer sticky, cover the entire garden with mulch film. This helps maintain ground temperature, especially after irrigation, which allows the soil to warm more quickly.
Drip irrigation systems should be installed if possible. Avoid flooding during fruit ripening; instead, use drip irrigation to save water and better manage humidity inside the greenhouse.
Intercropping strawberries is another effective practice. Young trees (1 year old) or those aged 2–3 years with space between rows after thinning can be intercropped with strawberries. Plant strawberries in mid-to-late August, and cover them with plastic film when temperatures rise. After laying the film flat, puncture it to expose the strawberry plants and then tightly seal the soil around them.
Fourth, temperature regulation is key. During the germination phase, keep the temperature around 8–15°C, with a minimum of 0–5°C and a maximum of 25–28°C. In the early days of the solar greenhouse (about one week), pull up half of the curtains to allow some light in, gradually increasing the temperature so the trees adapt slowly. This helps balance hormone and nutrient metabolism. After one week, fully open the curtains to let in full light. Maintain daytime temperatures between 10–25°C, 5°C at night, and 15–20°C at floor level. The ideal budding temperature is 5–28°C. Open the curtains at 8:00 AM and close them at 4:00 PM.
Plastic greenhouses need good insulation, especially in late January when temperatures drop and snow is common. Peach trees are very vulnerable to cold after sprouting, and temperatures below 0°C can cause damage. If necessary, use heating systems or hot air furnaces to assist.
Fifth, controlling humidity is essential. Keep the air humidity around 80% from the time of bud formation until flowering, and reduce it to 50–60% during flowering.
Lastly, pest prevention and treatment are vital. At the beginning of germination, spray a 3–5 degree lime sulfur solution to prevent diseases and kill overwintering pests. Be careful when applying it. The lime sulfur mixture is made from quicklime and sulfur powder, resulting in a reddish-brown liquid mixed with hydrazine. Its active ingredient is calcium polysulfide, which is strongly alkaline and water-soluble. It has a strong contact and killing effect on pests.
Use high-quality quicklime and avoid reusing old lime. The ratio of quicklime, sulfur, and water should be 1:2:10. To prepare the solution, first place the quicklime in an iron pot, add a small amount of water, and heat it. Meanwhile, mix the sulfur powder with a little warm water to make a paste. When the water in the pot is nearly boiling, slowly pour the sulfur paste into the lime solution along the side of the pot while stirring. Mark the water level. Boil the mixture for 40–60 minutes until the liquid turns reddish-brown, then stop heating.
During boiling, stir regularly and add hot water to compensate for evaporation. After cooling, filter out any residue to obtain a concentrated red-brown lime sulfur solution. Measure the concentration with a Baumé hydrometer before diluting it to the desired strength for use.
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