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The main technical points of autumn basal fertilizer
Autumn basal fertilization is a crucial agricultural practice that significantly contributes to the health and productivity of fruit trees. It is typically carried out between September and October when the root system is actively growing, making it an ideal time for nutrient absorption and recovery. During this period, the soil temperature is still warm enough to support microbial activity, which helps break down organic materials more efficiently. This not only enhances fertilizer utilization but also improves the tree's ability to withstand environmental stresses, particularly cold weather.
One of the key benefits of applying fall fertilizer is its role in supporting flower bud development and strengthening the tree’s overall vitality. Organic fertilizers, such as compost, manure, and green manure, are especially effective during this season. They provide a slow release of nutrients that continue to decompose throughout the winter, ensuring that the trees have sufficient resources for spring growth, flowering, and leaf expansion. In addition, these fertilizers improve soil structure and fertility, promoting long-term orchard sustainability.
When it comes to choosing the right type of fertilizer, organic materials are essential for maintaining soil health and providing a wide range of nutrients. They are rich in trace elements and help prevent nutrient deficiencies that can lead to diseases. However, it is also important to supplement with chemical fertilizers to meet specific nutrient requirements based on the tree's age and yield potential. Young trees benefit from higher nitrogen content, while mature trees may require more phosphorus and potassium to support fruiting and overall vigor.
The amount of fertilizer applied should be carefully determined based on factors like tree size, yield goals, and soil conditions. For example, young saplings may receive around 15 kg of organic fertilizer and 1 kg of chemical fertilizer per tree, while orchards with higher yields might need up to 200 kg of organic fertilizer per mu (approximately 667 square meters). In high-yield areas, the recommended ratio could be as high as "one jin of fertilizer per two jin of fruit," depending on local practices.
Fertilizer application methods vary depending on tree maturity and orchard layout. For young trees, the ring groove method is commonly used, where a circular ditch is dug around the tree canopy and filled with fertilizer. Mature trees often benefit from strip grooves, radial trenches, or hole methods, which allow for better root access and even distribution of nutrients. In dry or mountainous regions, the point storage method is preferred, where holes are dug around the tree and filled with a mix of organic and inorganic fertilizers, covered with straw and watered thoroughly.
In addition to improving soil quality, proper autumn fertilization ensures that trees are well-prepared for the next growing season. It plays a vital role in achieving high-quality fruit production and maximizing yield. By following these best practices, farmers can ensure their orchards remain healthy, productive, and resilient year after year.
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The main technical points of autumn basal fertilizer